CT Sectional anatomy Ch.1

Abdominal cavity

Superior portion of the abdominopelvic cavity; contains the stomach, liver, spleen, pancreas, gallbladder, and most of the small and large intestines

Abdominopelvic cavity

Portion of the ventral body cavity that is inferior to the diaphragm; can be subdivided into an upper abdominal cavity and a lower pelvic cavity

Anatomical position

Standard reference position for the body; body is erect, facing the observer, upper extremities are at the sides; palms and toes a directed forward

Antebrachial region

Region between the elbow and the wrist; forearm, cubital region

Antecubital region

Space in front of the elbow

Anterior

To the front of the body; ventral

Appendicular skeleton

Bones of the upper and lower extremities of the body

Axial plane

Transverse or horizontal plane that divides the body into superior and inferior portions

Axial skeleton

Bones of the head, neck, and torso

Axillary region

Armpit area

Brachial region

Arm; proximal portion of the upper limb

Buccal region

Region of the cheek

Carpal region

Wrist

Cephalic region

Head

Cervical region

Neck

Connective tissue membrane

A membrane that contains only connective tissue; examples include the membranes of the dorsal body cavity and the joints

Coronal plane

Plane parallel to the long axis of the body that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions; also called the frontal plane

Costal region

Ribs

Cranial cavity

One of the divisions of the dorsal body cavity; contains the brain

Cranial region

Skull

Crural region

Portion of the lower extremity between the knee and the foot; also called the leg

Cubital region

Region between the elbow and the wrist; also called the antebrachial region or forearm

Deep

Away from the surface; opposite of superficial

Distal

Directional term for something located away from a point of reference, such as the center, the midline, the point of attachment, or the point of origin; opposite of proximal

Dorsal body cavity

Smaller of the two major body cavities; subdivided into cranial and spinal cavities

Epigastric region

The upper, middle abdominal region, directly superior to the umbilical region

Epithelial membrane

Membranes that consist of epithelial tissue attached to connective tissue; found in the ventral body cavity and include the mucous and serous membranes

Femoral region

Thigh; the part of the lower extremity between the hip and the knee

Frontal plane

Plane parallel to the long axis of the body that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions; also called the coronal plane

Gluteal region

Buttock

Hypochondriac region

Abdominal region located superiorly and laterally, near the ribs, on either side of the epigastric region

Hypogastric region

The lower, middle abdominal region located directly inferior to the umbilical region

Iliac region

Abdominal region located on either side of the hypogastric region; also called inguinal region

Inferior

Lower; one part is below another; opposite of superior

Inguinal region

Depressed region between the abdomen and the thigh; groin

Lateral

Located away from the center

Leg region

Portion of the lower extremity between the knee and the foot; also called the crural region

Lumbar region

Region of the lower back and side between the lowest rib and the pelvis

Mammary region

Breast

Mediastina

The central region of the thoracic cavity

Meninges

Membranes that cover the brain and the spinal cord

Midsagittal plane

The plane that divides the body into equal right and left sides

Mucous membrane

Epithelial membrane that secretes mucus and lines body cavities that open directly to the exterior; also called mucosa

Occipital region

Lower portion of the back of the head

Ophthalmic region

Eyes

Oral region

Mouth

Otic region

Ears

Parasagittal plane

A vertical plane that divides the body into unequal right and left portions; does not pass through the midline

Parietal serosa

The outer layer of a serous membrane that lines a body cavity wall

Pectoral region

Chest

Pelvic cavity

Inferior portion of the abdominopelvic cavity; contains the urinary bladder, part of the large intestine, and internal reproductive organs

Pelvic region

Inferior region of the abdominopelvic cavity; lower portion of the trunk

Pericardial cavity

Potential space between the parietal pericardium and visceral pericardium that contains a small amount of serous fluid for lubrication

Pericardium

Membranous sac that encloses the heart

Perineal region

Region between the anus and pubic symphysis; includes the region of the external reproductive organs

Peritoneum

Serous membrane of the abdominal cavity

Plantar region

Sole of the foot

Pleura

Serous membrane that covers the lungs and lines the walls of the chest cavity

Pleural cavity

The small space between the parietal and visceral layers of the pleura

Popliteal region

Area behind the knee

Posterior

Nearer to or toward the back of the body; dorsal

Proximal

Located closer to the center, midline, point of attachment, or point of origin; opposite of distal

Sacral region

Posterior region between the hipbones

Sagittal plane

A vertical plane that divides the body into right and left portions

Serous membrane

Epithelial membrane that secretes a serous fluid and lines the closed body cavities and covers the organs within those cavities; also called serosa

Spinal cavity

Part of the dorsal body cavity that contains the spinal cord

Sternal region

Anterior midline region of the thorax

Superficial

On, or near, the surface; shallow, such as a superficial wound

Superior

Located higher, or toward the head; the upper surface of an organ

Synovial membrane

Connective tissue membrane that lines the cavity of freely moveable joints and secretes synovial fluid for lubrication

Thigh

The proximal portion of the lower extremity, located between the hip and the knee

Thoracic cavity

Superior part of the ventral body cavity; contains the heart, lungs, esophagus, and trachea

Thoracic region

Chest; part of the trunk inferior to the neck and superior to the diaphragm

Transverse plane

A horizontal plane that divides the body or part into superior and inferior portions; also called axial plane

Umbilical region

Navel; middle region of the abdomen

Ventral body cavity

The larger and more anterior of the two closed body cavities; includes the thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity

Vertebral region

Backbone; region pertaining to the spinal column

Visceral serosa

Inner layer of a serous membrane that covers the organs within the ventral body cavity