SS - Great Depression/New Deal

Unit assessment study guide

overproduction

Factories were producing more than people could afford to buy

infrastructure

Underlying foundation on which a community or nation depends, such as its roads, bridges, etc.

pension

Retirement payments

bankruptcy

Financial failure caused by a companys’ inability to pay debts

bonus

A raise in one's paycheck

Hooverville

Makeshift towns

confer

To exchange ideas with someone

Civil rights

The rights guaranteed in the constitution, especially voting and equal treatment under the law

Migrant worker

People who travel from farm to farm picking crops

Cause of stock market crashing

Overproduction and a nationwide banking crisis

Effect of stock market crashing

Beginning of Great Depression, economic depression

Cause of farmers overworking fields and overproducing

Prices were lower, forcing farmers to produce more to support their families

Effect of farmers overworking fields and overproducing

Led to lower prices for farm products, which hurt farm families

Cause of president Roosevelt elected

Believed he could combat the Depression more effectively than Republicans with his New Deal policies and strong leadership.

Effect of president Roosevelt elected

Developed the new deal programs, to battle the Great Depression

Cause of first round of new deal relief programs passed

Aim of addressing the Great Depression

Effect of first round new deal relief programs passed

Helped many find work, restored confidence in financial system, still didn’t help enough though

Herbert Hoover

31st president, proved unable to handle difficult situations

Franklin D. Roosevelt

32nd president, guided America through its greatest domestic crisis

Social Security Administration (SSA)

Federal agency, provide financial protection for the nation’s people

Huey Long

40th governor of Louisiana, vocal criticism of President FDR

The Bonus Army

Group of WWI veterans, marched on Washington in 1932, to demand immediate payment of bonuses promised for their service

Okies

Migrant agricultural workers from Oklahoma

Shirley Temple

Leading child film actress during the Great Depression

John Steinbeck

“The Grapes of Wrath” movie during Great Depression, dealt realistically with social problems, award-winning novelist, explored lives of working-class people

Eleanor Roosevelt

First presidential spouse to become a recognized leader in promoting humanitarian efforts, “working first lady”

John Collier

Social reformer and Native American advocate who served as a Commissioner of the Bureau of Indian Affairs under President FDR

The New Deal

Focused on the 3 R’s, Relief, recovery, and reform

Black Tuesday

October 29, 1929, stock market crashing, triggering the Great Depression

Democratic Party

Favors more government to solve economic problems for Americans

Republican Party

Favors less government to solve economic problems for Americans

Humanitarian

concerned with or seeking to promote human welfare

New deals terms in order

Relief, recovery, reform

Relief

Job programs to lower unemployment

Recovery

Programs to increase commerce to communities, and grow economy

Reform

Programs to correct problems in the economy and prevent future depressions

President Hoover is elected

Hoover proved unable to handle difficult situations

Bank Holiday announced

Delays in processing transactions, including direct deposits, bill payments, and check clearing

Banks demand risky loans be paid off

Reduction in bank profitability, making it more difficult to issue new loans

Production and credit-based purchases rapidly increase

New industries pop up and american culture changes, rising in middle class, credits mostly not paid back

The United States enters World War II

By then the depression is near ending, new era for US

The stock market crashes

Known as black Tuesday, marked the beginning of the great depression

President Roosevelt is elected

Because of many blames on Hoover for the great depression he is not reelected, new ideas on how to fix the economic depression

Black Tuesday

Stock market crashes, beginning of great depression on October 29, 1929

Republican party is more…

conservative

Democratic party is more…

liberal

Hoover and other Republicans wanted _____ - created job solutions

business

Roosevelt and other Democrats wanted ____ - created job solutions

government

The Democratic party typically favors ___ investment in social programs

more

The Republican party typically favors ___ investment in social programs

limited

Loans were given to farms in the 1920’s for…

mechanization

___ were given to consumers in the 1920’s to buy high-end products

loans

When individuals couldn’t pay off loans,

banks closed

One action Hoover took to create government-based jobs was

Hoover Dam

One of Roosevelts first acts was to declare a

bank holiday

In 1928, who prematurely declared a, “final triumph over poverty”

Herbert Hoover

Herbert Hoovers approach towards the economic crash was to

encourage citizens to solve themselves

Which group criticized the new deal for overly regulating business?

conservatives

conservatives

averse to change, holds traditional values

liberal

willing to respect others beliefs and open to new ideas

Black blizzards

huge dust storms

Who criticized the new deal for not doing enough to help the poor and regulate business

liberals