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A balanced diet consists of the correct proportions of food groups and __________ for the human body to consume.
nutrients
Macronutrients provide energy to fuel the body and maintain __________.
health
Micronutrients help the body function properly at a cellular level and include __________ and minerals.
vitamins
Proteins are made of __________ and are needed for growth and development.
amino acids
Carbohydrates provide energy to the body for the repair and maintenance of __________ tissues.
damaged
Fats provide __________ to cells and help in building hormones.
structure
Vitamin A supports vision and the __________ system.
immune
Vitamin C is important for healthy skin, blood vessels, and __________ healing.
wound
The esophagus is the passage of food and liquids from the __________ to the stomach.
mouth
The __________ produces bile which helps break down fats from food.
liver
The __________ combines bile with food to aid digestion and nutrient absorption.
small intestine
The __________ absorbs remaining water and electrolytes from feces.
rectum
The __________ contains bacteria that produce vitamins and is involved in turning liquid waste into solid waste.
large intestine
Bile is stored in the __________ and helps in fat digestion.
gallbladder
The __________ is responsible for the mechanical breakdown of food into smaller pieces without chemical change.
mouth
The __________ helps neutralize the hydrochloric acid from the stomach.
bile
The small intestine has millions of __________ to increase the surface area for nutrient absorption.
villi
Mechanical digestion refers to the physical breakdown of food, whereas __________ digestion involves chemical changes.
chemical
The pancreas produces __________ that break down fats, sugars, and proteins in the small intestine.
enzymes
Hydrochloric acid kills bacteria in food and creates an acidic environment optimal for protein digestion with __________ enzyme.
pepsin
Rickets is caused by a deficiency of vitamin __________, leading to delayed growth and motor skill development.
D
