Human nutrition 7

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21 Terms

1

A balanced diet consists of the correct proportions of food groups and __________ for the human body to consume.

nutrients

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2

Macronutrients provide energy to fuel the body and maintain __________.

health

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3

Micronutrients help the body function properly at a cellular level and include __________ and minerals.

vitamins

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4

Proteins are made of __________ and are needed for growth and development.

amino acids

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5

Carbohydrates provide energy to the body for the repair and maintenance of __________ tissues.

damaged

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6

Fats provide __________ to cells and help in building hormones.

structure

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7

Vitamin A supports vision and the __________ system.

immune

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8

Vitamin C is important for healthy skin, blood vessels, and __________ healing.

wound

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9

The esophagus is the passage of food and liquids from the __________ to the stomach.

mouth

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10

The __________ produces bile which helps break down fats from food.

liver

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11

The __________ combines bile with food to aid digestion and nutrient absorption.

small intestine

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12

The __________ absorbs remaining water and electrolytes from feces.

rectum

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13

The __________ contains bacteria that produce vitamins and is involved in turning liquid waste into solid waste.

large intestine

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14

Bile is stored in the __________ and helps in fat digestion.

gallbladder

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15

The __________ is responsible for the mechanical breakdown of food into smaller pieces without chemical change.

mouth

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16

The __________ helps neutralize the hydrochloric acid from the stomach.

bile

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17

The small intestine has millions of __________ to increase the surface area for nutrient absorption.

villi

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18

Mechanical digestion refers to the physical breakdown of food, whereas __________ digestion involves chemical changes.

chemical

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19

The pancreas produces __________ that break down fats, sugars, and proteins in the small intestine.

enzymes

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20

Hydrochloric acid kills bacteria in food and creates an acidic environment optimal for protein digestion with __________ enzyme.

pepsin

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21

Rickets is caused by a deficiency of vitamin __________, leading to delayed growth and motor skill development.

D

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