Human nutrition 7

A balanced diet consists of the correct proportions of food groups and __________ for the human body to consume.

nutrients

Macronutrients provide energy to fuel the body and maintain __________.

health

Micronutrients help the body function properly at a cellular level and include __________ and minerals.

vitamins

Proteins are made of __________ and are needed for growth and development.

amino acids

Carbohydrates provide energy to the body for the repair and maintenance of __________ tissues.

damaged

Fats provide __________ to cells and help in building hormones.

structure

Vitamin A supports vision and the __________ system.

immune

Vitamin C is important for healthy skin, blood vessels, and __________ healing.

wound

The esophagus is the passage of food and liquids from the __________ to the stomach.

mouth

The __________ produces bile which helps break down fats from food.

liver

The __________ combines bile with food to aid digestion and nutrient absorption.

small intestine

The __________ absorbs remaining water and electrolytes from feces.

rectum

The __________ contains bacteria that produce vitamins and is involved in turning liquid waste into solid waste.

large intestine

Bile is stored in the __________ and helps in fat digestion.

gallbladder

The __________ is responsible for the mechanical breakdown of food into smaller pieces without chemical change.

mouth

The __________ helps neutralize the hydrochloric acid from the stomach.

bile

The small intestine has millions of __________ to increase the surface area for nutrient absorption.

villi

Mechanical digestion refers to the physical breakdown of food, whereas __________ digestion involves chemical changes.

chemical

The pancreas produces __________ that break down fats, sugars, and proteins in the small intestine.

enzymes

Hydrochloric acid kills bacteria in food and creates an acidic environment optimal for protein digestion with __________ enzyme.

pepsin

Rickets is caused by a deficiency of vitamin __________, leading to delayed growth and motor skill development.

D