localisation and lateralisation

phrenology

a person's personality was reflected in the lumps and bumps of their skull

localisation meaning

the specific part of the brain in which a function is carried out

corpus callosum

bundle of fibres that is a communication pathway between the two hemispheres

hemispheric lateralisation

when some physical or physiological functioning is controlled by a particular hemisphere

for most people the brain is _____________

contralateral

contralateral meaning

the right hemisphere controls the left side of the body and vice versa

support for contralateralisation

stroke patients

left visual field

everything seen to the left of both eyes

right visual field

everything seen to the right of both eyes

where is visual information processed from the left visual field?

the right hemisphere

where is visual information processed from the right visual field?

the left hemisphere

why is visual stimuli processed in the opposite hemisphere?

optic chiasm

what is the optic chiasm

where the optic nerves cross over

what other senses are contralateral?

hearing, taste and smell

4 lobes of the brain

occipital lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe and frontal lobe

which hemisphere(s) is the motor cortex found?

both

where in the hemisphere is the motor cortex?

back of the frontal lobe

what is the motor cortex?

involved in voluntary movement by sending signals to muscles

which hemisphere(s) is the somatosensory centre found?

both

somatosensory location

front of parietal lobe

what is the valley called that separates the motor cortex and somatosensory centre?

central sulcus

somatosensory centre function

processes sensory information to produce senses related to touch, temperature, pressure and pain

which hemisphere(s) is the primary visual cortex found?

both

primary visual cortex location

back of occipital lobe

primary visual cortex function

receives and processes visual information e.g colour, shape and movement

the primary visual cortex is _____________

contralateral

which hemisphere(s) is the primary auditory cortex found?

both

primary auditory cortex location

temporal lobes

primary auditory cortex function

analyse sound based information

the primary auditory cortex is _____________

contralateral

what happens if the primary auditory cortex is damaged?

hearing loss

which hemisphere(s) are the language centres found?

left

what are the language centres called?

Broca's area and Wernicke's area

Broca's area location

left frontal lobe (in front of motor cortex)

Broca's area function

responsible for speech production

Wernicke's area location

back of left temporal lobe

Wernicke's area function

language comprehension