Whole Blood; Blood Plasma

denser, viscous

blood is more -----, and ---- than water

whole blood

38 degrees Celsius

the temperature of blood

7.35-7.45 (slightly alkaline)

pH of blood

8%

blood constitutes this percentage of body weight

5-6 L in males, 4-5 L in females

the difference of blood volume is due to differences in body size

blood plasma, formed elements

two components of whole blood

blood plasma

a liquid extracellular matrix that contains dissolved substances

formed elements

cells and cell fragments (component of blood)

centrifuged

spun at high speed

cells which are more dense

when centrifuged, these components of blood sink to the bottom of the tube

blood plasma which is less dense

when centrifuged, this component of blood forms a layer on the top of the tube

45%

this proportion of blood is formed elements

55%

this proportion of blood is blood plasma

red blood cells (RBCs)

normally constitute more than 99% of formed elements

red blood cells

the most dense cells in formed elements

hematocrit

the percentage of total blood volume occupied by red blood cells

white blood cells (WBCs), platelets

occupy less than 1 percent of total blood volume

buffy coat

WBCs and platelets form a very thin layer between the packed RBCs and blood plasma in centrifuged blood

blood plasma

aka plasma

blood plasma

when formed elements are removed from blood, this straw coloured liquid remains

proteins, water, other solutes

components of blood plasma

albumins, globulins, fibrinogen, all others (1%)

proteins in blood plasma (4)

electrolytes, nutrients, gases, regulatory substances (enzymes, hormones), vitamins, waste products

components of the other solutes in blood plasma (6)

7%

proportion of proteins in blood plasma

91.5%

proportion of water in blood plasma

1.5%

proportion of other solutes in blood plasma

54%

proportion of albumins in the proteins of blood plasma

38%

proportion of globulins in the proteins of blood plasma

7%

proportion of fibrinogen in the proteins of blood plasma

plasma proteins

proteins in the blood

liver

plasma proteins are mainly synthesized by this organ

albumins

most plentiful plasma proteins

albumins

help maintain proper blood osmotic pressure

blood osmotic pressure

an important factor in the exchange of fluids across capillary walls

globulins

plasma proteins that include antibodies

antibodies

defensive proteins produced during certain immune responses

fibrinogen

plasma protein that is key in the formation of blood clots