unit 3 test review

myelin sheaths

parts of a neuron- covers the axon of some neurons and helps speed neural impulses, movement and thought, deterioration leads to motor impairments such as multiple sclerosis, deterioration leads to MS

action potential

change in electrical charge allowing neurons to fire, sequnce of shifts in electircal charge, neurotransmitters received by the dentries build up to initiate it

reputake

reabsorbed into the neuron after it fires

antagonist

blocks neuron firing (slows)

synaptic gap

space between

seratonin

mood, body temp, appetite, depression

norepiinephrine

helps you focus and regulate sleep, depress mood if undersupply

axon

passes messags away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands

ach

learning and memory, muscle action, alzeihmers, movenment

all or none

more stimulation does not produce a more intense neural transmission, the reaction is ________

glial cells

neuroish and protect neurons, play a role in learning, thinking and memory, support the myelin sheath

interneurons

spinal cord and brain, process between motor and sensory, take messages and make decisions and actions

parasynpathetic

calms body, conserves energy, rest or digest, lowers heartbeat and blood pressure, stimulates digestion, calms body, processes waste

pitutary gland

most influential, hormones

sensory neurons

carry info from sens organs to the CNS

nervous system

speedy, electrochemical communication netork, all nerve cells, release neurotransmitters move across synapses

sympathetiic nervous system

moblilizes fight or flight, fast, heartbeat, raise blood pressure and blood sugar, slows digestions, cools body

endocrine system

glands secrete hormones that move through bloodsteme, secreation is slower, messages can outlast nervous system

adrenal glands

fight or flight, release adrenaline (epinephrine)

peripheral

made up of sensory and motor neurons, connects body to CNS by gathering info from the senses and transmitting messages from the CNS

medulla

hearbeat and breathing

pet scan

glucose, visual display of brain activity and functioning

hypothalamus

controls pitutary gland, regulates growth, metabolism, and other endocrine glands, part of CNs, time to eat or drink blood sugae

amydgala

anger, fear, aggression

cerebellum

littlee brain, balance, processing sensory input, coordinating movement and balance, nonverbal learning, memory

thalamus

relay staion for incoming/outgoing sensory imput

mri

detailed pic, structure, no function, magnetic fields and radio waves producing computer generated images, more detailed then CT scan, detects enlarged fluid brain regions

fmri

function, measure of blood flow and brain activity by comparing MRI scans to show brain function and damage

eeg

function, sleep, brainwaves, measure electrical waves and activitty of brain

parasympathetic

calms body, conserves energy, rest or digest, lowers heartbeat and blood pressure, stimulates digestion, calms body, processes waste

reflex are

receptors, sensory neurons, interneurons, motor neurons, think touching a hot stove, spinal cord 

axon terminals

sending end of neuron

recieving end of neuron

dentries

soma

cell body

synapse

gap bettween 2 neurons

action potential

the electrical charge that travels down an exon when a neuron is firing

efferent nerves

motor nerves

cerebellum mainins

balance

hippocampus

decide what memories transfer from short to long term memory

autonomic nervous system

unconsoic activities

somatic

controls conscious activities and movements

brainstem

responsible for automatic survival functions, central core

limbic system

A doughnut-shaped system of neuronal structures at the border of the brain-stem and cerebral hemispheres: associated with emotions such as fear and aggression and dives such as those for food and sex. Includes the hippocampus, amygdala, and hypothalamus.

refractory peroiod

period oafter firing of nerve fiber, cannot be stimulated