DNA Packaging

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Last updated 10:06 PM on 7/15/26
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8 Terms

1
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Level 1

double stranded DNA (b form)

2
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Level 2

nucleosome (structural unit of chromatin)

  • 147bp segment wraps around core of histone proteins 1.7x

  • histone = basic protein found in chromatin that associates with DNA (positively charged amino acids interact with negatively charged DNA)

  • histone octamer = globular protein structure at centre of nucleosome made of 4 pairs of histones (H2A, H2B, H3, H4)

3
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level 3

chromosome (structural unit of chromatin)

  • linker histone (H1) binds to nucleosome

4
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level 4

chromatin = complex of DNA + histones + proteins

  • chromatin is dispersed throughout the nucleus in interphase cells

5
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level 5

chromatosomes

  • repeat every around every 200bp

  • connected by linker DNA (25-75bp)

  • ‘beads on a string’ image

6
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level 6

histone interactions cause nucleosomes to fold in 30nm fibre (attached to protein scaffold)

7
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level 7

interphase chromatin

  • 30nm fibres condesnse further into 250nm fibres

  • specific DNA sequences in interphase chromatin are available for cellular processes (e.g. transcription, replication)

8
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step 8

chromosomes = structural unit of genetic matieral consisting of linear double stranded DNA and associated proteins (eukaryotes)

  • during mitosis chromatin condesnses into visible metaphase chromosomes