Week 8 Review Guide for Course 534

Neurogenic cognitive disorders

Appropriate time to assess a patient

Consider scheduling around moments when such potential confounds as fatigue, pain, hunger, or low mood may be especially problematic.

Screening

A brief evaluation of whether a person has a problem that may benefit from further professional attention and, if so, what the problem might be and what type of services might help.

Assessment

The systematic process of obtaining information from many sources through various means in different settings to verify and specify communication strengths and weaknesses, identify possible causes of problems, and make plans to address them.

Evaluation

Most Comprehensive Assesses all areas of suspected in addition to other areas that may influence performance (i.e., looks at speech, language, cognition, oral/motor, and swallowing as well as influencing factors such as hearing and vision).

MOCA

Montreal Cognitive Assessment, a basic screening tool. MoCA is a brief, 30-question test that helps healthcare professionals detect cognitive impairments very early on.

Standardized/Qualitative

Assessments that have a normative data and entail explicit instructions for test administration and scoring, enabling comparison of individual results to group results.

Standardized/Quantitative

Assessments that have a normative data and entail explicit instructions for test administration and scoring, enabling comparison of individual results to group results.

Non-Standardized/Qualitative

Qualitative methods of assessment are ways of gathering information that can be observed but cannot be easily measured by or translated into numbers.

Non-Standardized/Quantitative

Quantitative methods of assessment that do not rely on normative data and focus on individualized information.

Criterion-referenced

Indices used to gauge a person's own ability without direct comparison to others. Measures individual's skills and knowledge, also called domain-referenced measures, to determine when a certain treatment goal has been met.

Norm-referenced

Indices in which results are compared to a sample of a population with similar traits.

Norm-referenced

Indices in which results are compared to a sample of a population with similar traits. Rank students based on test achievement scores.

Dynamic assessment

Evaluation that allows tailoring of assessment materials to the interests, ability, level, and cultural and linguistic background of the person being assessed. Dynamic assessment (DA) is a method of conducting a language assessment which seeks to identify the skills that an individual child possesses as well as their learning potential. Emphasizes the learning process and accounts for the amount and nature of examiner investment. It is highly interactive and process-oriented.

Purpose of an assessment

Supporting initial and ongoing intervention, contributing to the diagnostic process, indexing and describing the severity and nature of a disorder, indexing and describing declining abilities, indexing and describing the various impacts of language and related cognitive impairments, helping inform prognosis, informing decisions to recommend further assessment, treatment, discharge from treatment, referrals to other professionals, and to do patient and family education and counseling, planning intervention with substantial patient and family input, measuring, describing, and documenting baselines and progress during treatment, justifying treatment to payors, determining when a person has met goals, collecting data to document clinical outcomes.

Differential diagnosis

Identifying disorder labels that either apply or do not apply to an individual according to an evaluation of his or her body structure and function.

Confounding factor

Any characteristic of a person's abilities; any aspect of the assessment tools, procedures, and processes that we use; and any aspect of the testing context or situation in the assessment context that could lead to invalid results.

Process analysis

One in which we consider the ability, skill, or construct we wish to assess in light of the tasks used to assess it and analyze the other aspects of performance that may also be reflected in what is assessed.

Person-Centered Care

Demonstrating that the individuals we serve are the core of our purpose as clinical professionals. Direct inclusion of the individual with a communication disorder in decisions about all aspects of assessment, treatment planning, and intervention alternatives and follow-up after direct intervention.

Standardized testing

Know what 'Standardized testing' is.

Visual field neglect

A loss of visual information regarding specific components of the visual space.

Visual motor deficit

Problems of alignment and movement of the eyes may be caused by impairments of the extraocular muscles that control eye movement, ocular motor nerves, or cortical systems involved in motor control of those nerves.

Hemi visualization

Hemi spatial neglect is characterized by reduced awareness of stimuli on one side of space, even though there may be no sensory loss.

Visual apraxia

A neurological disorder characterized by an inability to plan and execute purposeful movements based on visual cues.