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Data representation
the form in which data is stored processed and transmitted
Desktop operating system
an operating system specifically designed for use on personal computers or a Mac
Handheld operating system
an operating system used by a handheld device like a smartphone
Multi-user operating system
an operating system that allows a single computer to deal with simultaneous processing requests from multiple users.
Server operating system
a type of operating system sometimes called a network operating system that provides management tools for distributed networks, e-mail servers, and web hosting sites.
Single user operating system
a type of operating system that is designed for one user at at time using one set of input devices
The bootstrap loader
a small program that has a single function: It loads the operating system into memory and allows it to begin operation.