Organizational Behavior - Chapter 5

A comprehensive set of vocabulary flashcards covering personality approaches, Holland's RIASEC model, the Big Five, the Dark Triad, MBTI, and situational theories of behavior.

Dispositional Approach

The perspective that individuals are born predisposed to certain traits and that stable characteristics influence attitudes and behavior.

Situational Approach

The perspective that job satisfaction and work attitudes are largely shaped by external factors such as a boss or work tasks.

Interactionist Approach

The most widely accepted approach stating that behavior is a function of both disposition and the situation.

Personality

The sum of ways an individual reacts to and interacts with the world; it is relatively stable and difficult to change.

Minnesota Twin Study

A study showing that identical twins raised apart still displayed striking similarities in Big Five traits, interests, and habits.

Heritability

The extent to which genetics matter for personality, estimated at $40-50\%$ (or $60\%$ per specific lecture notes).

Realistic (RIASEC)

A personality type that is stable and practical, preferring manual or physical work.

Investigative (RIASEC)

A personality type characterized as analytical, curious, and research-oriented.

Artistic (RIASEC)

A personality type characterized as imaginative and emotional, often found in fields like graphic design.

Social (RIASEC)

A personality type characterized as friendly and cooperative, focusing on helping others.

Enterprising (RIASEC)

A personality type characterized as ambitious and dominant, often found in politicians or journalists.

Conventional (RIASEC)

A personality type characterized as conforming and inflexible, often found in accountants.

Holland's Hexagon Proximity

A principle where adjacent types on the hexagon are most similar and opposite types are least similar.

Personality-job fit theory

A theory identifying six personality types and proposing that the fit between type and occupational environment determines satisfaction and turnover.

Personality-organization fit theory

A theory suggesting people are attracted to and selected by organizations that match their values and leave when there is no compatibility.

Openness (Big Five)

A personality trait described as being curious, creative, and receptive to new ideas; it enhances training performance and leadership.

Conscientiousness (Big Five)

A personality trait described as being organized and responsible; it is the strongest predictor of performance and longevity.

Emotional Stability (Big Five)

A personality trait described as being calm and resilient; it leads to higher job satisfaction and lower stress.

Extraversion (Big Five)

A personality trait described as being outgoing and sociable; it correlates with better leadership and higher performance.

Agreeableness (Big Five)

A personality trait described as being trusting, cooperative, and conflict-avoidant; it correlates with lower deviant behavior.

Machiavellianism

A Dark Triad trait characterized by pragmatism, an 'ends justify the means' mindset, and being emotionally distant.

Narcissism

A Dark Triad trait characterized by arrogance, grandiosity, and a sense of entitlement.

Psychopathy

A Dark Triad trait characterized by a lack of guilt or remorse when causing harm.

MBTI Weaknesses

Includes being based on unproven Jungian theory, omitting neuroticism, having unstable types over $5$ weeks, and being unrelated to career success.

Core Self-Evaluation (CSE)

A bottom-line belief about one's own worth, comprised of self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, locus of control, and emotional stability.

Self-Monitoring

The ability to adjust behavior to fit external or situational factors.

Proactive Personality

The tendency to identify opportunities, take initiative, and persevere until change occurs.

Situation Strength Theory

A theory proposing that personality predicts behavior more in weak situations and is suppressed in strong situations.

The 4 C's of Situation Strength

The elements that determine situation strength: Clarity, Consistency, Constraints, and Consequences.

Trait Activation Theory (TAT)

A theory suggesting that certain situations, events, or interventions 'activate' a specific personality trait more than others.

Terminal Values

The desirable end-states or goals an individual wants to achieve, such as success, happiness, or family security.

Instrumental Values

Preferred modes of behavior or means of achieving terminal values, such as being hard-working or honest.