Dissection of a rat functions

where is the cranial region

head (external)

cervical region

neck (external)

Pectoral region

where the front legs attach (external)

Thoracic region

chest (external)

abdomen

belly (external)

pelvic region

area where the hind legs attach (external)

vibrissae

sensory whiskers on the face (external)

incisors

sharp, chisel-like teeth in the front of the mouth (external)

nictitating membrane

a thin, lubricating membrane that moves across the eye for protection and moisture (external)

pinna

the external ear structure that helps in sound detection and localization (external)

teats

small protrusions on the abdomen used for nursing young (external)

tail function

used for balance and communication (external)

anus function

serves as the opening for the elimination of waste from the body. (muscle)

bicep brachii location and function

muscle located in the upper arm that facilitates flexion and rotation of the forearm. (muscle)

trapezius

muscle located in the upper back that aids in shoulder movement and neck support. (muscle)

obliques

muscles located on the sides of the abdomen that assist in trunk rotation and lateral flexion. (muscle)

latissimus dorsi

large muscle located in the lower back that supports arm movement, extension, and rotation. (muscle)

gluteus maximus

the largest muscle in the buttocks, responsible for hip extension, outward rotation, and stabilization of the pelvis. (muscle)

hamstring

a group of three muscles located at the back of the thigh that are responsible for knee flexion and hip extension. (muscle)

gastrocnemius

the major muscle of the calf, involved in plantar flexion of the foot and knee flexion. (muscle)

achilles tendon

a strong fibrous cord that connects the calf muscles to the heel bone, allowing for movement of the foot and ankle. (muscle)

quadriceps

a group of four muscles located at the front of the thigh that are responsible for knee extension. (muscle)

skull function (bone)

Protects the brain and supports facial structures

maxilla bone function

Forms the upper jaw, supports upper teeth, and contributes to the structure of the face.

mandible

Lower jaw bone that holds the lower teeth and enables chewing and speech

humerus bone function

Upper arm bone that connects the shoulder to the elbow, enabling a wide range of arm movements.

radius bone function

One of the two long bones in the forearm, located on the thumb side, which allows for rotation and movement of the hand and wrist.

ulna

Forearm bone, enables hand/wrist movement

sternum

Breastbone, protects chest organs

femur bone function

the thigh bone, which is the longest and strongest bone in the human body; supports body weight and enables leg movement.

patella bone function

also known as the kneecap, it protects the knee joint and improves the leverage of the thigh muscles.

tibia bone function

The tibia, or shinbone, is the larger of the two bones in the lower leg. It bears the majority of the weight and is crucial for leg movement and posture.

fibula bone function

stabilizes the ankle joint and supports the tibia. it is crucial for muscle attachment and provides structural integrity to the leg.

vertebrae bone function

individual bones that are connected to form the spinal column. They protect the spinal cord and support the body, allowing for movement and flexibility.

carpel rat bone

The bones are a group of small bones that make up the wrist (manus) in rats. provides flexibility

metacarpals rat bone

The metacarpals are the bones of the forefoot in rats, located between the wrist (carp

heart rate function

The heart is a muscular organ responsible for pumping blood throughout the body, providing oxygen and nutrients to tissues and removing waste products.

liver rat function

. It filters blood coming from the digestive tract, detoxifies chemicals, and metabolizes drugs.

lungs rat function

The lungs are vital respiratory organs in rats, responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and the bloodstream

trachea rat function

The trachea, also known as the windpipe, is a vital component of the rat's respiratory system. It's a tube composed of cartilaginous rings, ensuring it remains open for

diaphragm rat function

muscle responsible for breathing. 

pancreas rat function

thin membrane that connects

the stomach and spleen. The pancreas

produces digestive enzymes that are sent to

the intestine via small duct

esophagus rat function

runs through the

diaphragm and moves food from the

mouth

stomach rat function

The

functions of the stomach include food

storage, physical breakdown of food,

and the digestion of protein.

small intestine rat function

receives digested foods and nutrients are absorbed

large intestine rat fucntion

also known as the colon and is where the final stage of digestion takes place

Mesentery rat function

(connective tissue and network of blood vessels that connects the small

intestine)

spleen rat fucntion

destroys blood cell and acts as storage for blood

cecum rat function

pouch that connects the large and small intestine

kidneys rat function

Kidneys clean the blood and send any

waste through the ureter to the bladder

Adrenal glands rat function

(make)

adrenaline into the blood during times of crisis.

testes (male)

producing both sperm and the hormone testosterone

ovaries (female) rat function

producing female reproductive cells (eggs or ova)

ventricles rat functions

bottom chambers of the heart

pericardium rat function

a thin protective membrane covering the heart