Science for Tenth Class: Biology - Nutrition and Photosynthesis

Vocabulary flashcards covering the basic requirements of living organisms, types of nutrition, and the chemical and biological components of photosynthesis.

Chemical energy

The specific type of energy used by living organisms to perform vital life processes.

Autotroph

An organism, such as a green plant, that can produce its own food from simple inorganic substances.

Inorganic substances for photosynthesis

The two primary substances, carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) and water ($H_2O$), used by autotrophs to synthesize food.

Saprophytic nutrition

The mode of nutrition utilized by fungi to obtain nutrients from dead and decaying organic matter.

Lice

A specific example of an organism that exhibits a parasitic mode of nutrition.

Holozoic nutrition

A mode of nutrition where solid organic matter is ingested, as seen in organisms like man.

Photosynthesis

The process by which green plants utilize sunlight, chlorophyll, carbon dioxide ($CO_2$), and water ($H_2O$) to manufacture food.

Oxygen ($O_2$)

The gas produced and released as a byproduct during the process of photosynthesis.

Glucose

The simple food (Food A) that is first prepared by the leaves of a plant during photosynthesis.

Starch

The food (Food B) into which glucose is converted for storage within the plant.

Alcohol

The substance used to boil a green leaf to remove chlorophyll during scientific testing for starch.

Chlorophyll

The green-colored pigment in leaves that is responsible for absorbing solar energy for photosynthesis.

Chloroplast

The plant cell organelle where the process of photosynthesis takes place.

Plant Raw Materials

Essential items needed by plants for growth apart from carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) and water ($H_2O$), including nitrogen, phosphorus, iron, and magnesium.