Parts of the Cell

eukaryotic cell

plants animals and fungi that contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles (like mitochondria, ER and chloroplast)

prokaryotic cell

cells without a nucleus or other membrane-bound cells

nucleus

only found in eukaryotic cells: plants and animals, contains information that is used to make proteins, surrounded by a double membrane called a nuclear envelope

cytoskelton

a supporting network of long, think protein fibers that from of framework for the cell and provided an anchor for the organelles

cytoplasam

the plasma membrane that is semi fluid and gel like

ribosomes

organelles that manufacture proteins, found in all cells, produced inside the nucleus and the nucleolus

encloplasmic retucilum

is a membrane system of folded sacs and interconnected channels that serves as the site for protein and lipid synthesis two types of ER rough and smooth rough has ribosomes and smooth has no ribosomes

vacuoles

is a membrane bround sac used for tempoary shortage, vacoules store food, enzymes, or waste, they are ONLY found in plant cells

lysosomes

vesticles that contain substances that digest excess or worn-out organelles and food particles, they also digest bacteria or viruses that invade the cell

centrioles

organelles made of micro tubes that function during cell division , they are located in the cytoplasam

mitochondria

the powerhouse of the cell, has a outter and inner membrane, the inner membrane is highly folded that produces surface aera for breaking the binds in sugar molecules

golgi apparatus

is a flattened stack of membranes that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins, the protiens are packages into sacs called vesticles, which can fuse to the plasma membrane and relese the protiens to the enviorment

choloroplast

plant cells and some other eukaryotes (alge) containing chlorplasts, which capture light and convert it into chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis, they are composed of mutiple small disks called thylakoids which contain the light capturing pigment, that is chlorphyl

cell wall

plant cells have a cell wall, a think rigid mean of fibers that sorround the outside of the plasma membrane. it protects the cell and give it structure, made from a carbohydrate and celluose

cilla and flagella

cillia are short ans numerous projections that look like hair, like small legs on a centipede, flagella are longer and less numerous then cilla, they move with a whiplike motion. they are found in animal cells but are also prokaryotic