organization of Human Body-

Organelle

A small structure contained within a cell that reforms one or more specific functions

Cell

Basic unit of life all cells share many characteristics, but they differ in structure&functions

Tissue

A group of cells with similar structures & functions

Connective

Characterized by extracellular material that separate cells from another/ functions - closing&separating, connecting tissue to another,storing -

Epithelial

Classified according to the number of cell layers& shapes.,functions - protecting underlying structures, acting as barriers.

Muscle

Cells of muscle resemble long threads & called fibers, functions - provides movement

Neural

Cells are composed of dendrites, cells, bodies,& axons.functions - coordinating& controlling many body activities

Cavity

A fluid filled space in the body that holds & protects internal organs.

Ventral cavity

Three major cavities , thoracic, abdominal, & pelvic

Thoracic

Surrounded by ribcage & separate from the abdominal cavity by the diaphragm it's divided into right n left halves by structure called mediastrium - incudes esophagus, trachea, thymus gland, heart & both lungs

Abdominal cavity

. Bounded by the abdominal muscles below the thoracic & includes stomach,intestines, liver, spleen, pancreas & kidneys

Pelvic cavity

Enclosed by the bones of pelvis & contains the urainary bladder, part of intestine& internal reproductive ‘ organs

Dorsal cavity

Dorsal is back of human body & is subdivided into two cavities - cranial & spinal

Cranial cavity

Contains the brain

Spinal cavity

Contains spinal cord

Anterosuperior

In front or above

Midline

A median line

Supine position

Lying flat with face & torso facing up

Prone position

Lying face down

Sagittal plane

Runs vertically across the body & separates the body into left & right parts

Mid sagittal plane

Divides the body into two equal halves

Transverse plane

Runs parallel to the surface of the ground & divides body into superior & inferior planes

Coronal/ frontal plane

Runs vertically from left to right & divides the body into anterior & posterior parts

Homeostasis

The existence & maintenance of a relatively environment within the body

Negative feedback

Any deviation from the set point is made smaller or is resisted

Positive feedback

Rare In heathy individuals - when a deviation from a normal value occurs the systems response is to make the deviation even greater

Anatomical position

A person standing erect with feet forward ,arms hanging to the sides, the Palms of hands facing forward

Inferior

Structure below another

Superior

Structure above another

Anterior

Towards front of body

Posterior

Towards back of body

Dorsal

Towards back

Ventral

Towards front

Proximal

Closer to point of attachment to the body than another structure

Distal

Farther away from point of attachment to the body

Lateral

Away from midline of body

Medial

Toward middle or midline of the body

Superficial

Toward or on the surface

Deep

Away from the surface