Cell Organelles and Their Functions

These flashcards cover key cell organelles and their functions as described in the lecture notes.

Cell Wall

Provides a rigid structure to plant cells and most bacteria, used for support and protection.

Chloroplast

Changes light energy into chemical energy used by the cell through photosynthesis.

Chromatin

Packages DNA into what is known as a chromosome.

Chromosomes

Contains the hereditary information of DNA; aids in cell division and replication.

Cilia

Movement of the cell or movement of particles surrounding the cell.

Flagella

Movement of the cell or movement of particles surrounding the cell.

Cytoplasm

Holds the structures within the cell in place and allows for some cellular processes to occur.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Folding and transporting of proteins.

Golgi Apparatus

Receives proteins and lipids, sorts and modifies them, and ships them out to other parts of the cell.

Lysosomes

Aids in digestion and waste removal; contains enzymes.

Microfilaments

Provides structure and support to the cell; plays a role in cell division.

Microtubules

Provides structure and support to the cell; aids in cell division.

Mitochondria

Takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and creates energy (ATP) through cellular respiration.

Nuclear Envelope

A membrane that controls the movement of substances into and out of the nucleus.

Nucleus

Coordinates cell activities and stores hereditary material for the cell.

Plasma Membrane

Provides structure to the cell and allows for molecules to be transported in and out of the cell.

Vacuole

Stores nutrients and water; appears in small multiples within an animal cell and is larger in plants.