Neuroscience Retention Quiz 2

The two types of cells of the nervous system are the __ and __. The one that is made for signaling and communication is the __

Neuron, glia, neuron

Neurons receive input through the __ and/or __. The signal is transmitted along the __

dendrites, soma, axon

A __ is an involuntary response to some type of stimulus. Minimally, it must include a __ neuron and a __ neuron.

reflex, sensory, motor

Most axons are covered with ____, which is what makes white matter look white.

myelin

Microglia

consume harmful substances

Astrocyte

Helps form blood-brain barrier

Oligodendroglia

forms myelin in CNS

Schwann cell

Forms myelin in the PNS

What is the voltage of the resting membrane potential? What is the voltage of an action potential ?

-70 mV and +30 mV

Action potentials are initiated in the ___

axon hillock

An action potential results from movement of ions across the cell membrane. Depolarization occurs because of the __ (this word should be "inward" or "outward") flow of __. Repolarization occurs because of the __ flow of __.

inward, sodium, outward, potassium

The point of communication between two neurons is a __

synapse

During a synapse, an influx of __ in the terminal bouton, causes __ to move and bind to the cell membrane, releasing __ into the synaptic cleft.

calcium, synaptic vesicles, neurotransmitters

Neurotransmitters generate postsynaptic potentials that are either __ or __

excitatory or inhibitory

Dopamine is produced in the __. Its function is __. __is the primary neurotransmitter of the PNS, occuring in synapses with muscle tissue.

substantia nigra, modulatory, acetylcholine