Electrolyte Imbalances: Serum Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, and Chloride

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering the definitions, normal clinical ranges, symptoms, and treatments for electrolyte imbalances including calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and chloride based on the lecture notes.

Normal phosphorus range

The standard concentration of phosphorus in the blood is $3.4$ to $4.5\,mg/dl$ ($1.12$ to $1.45\,mmol/L$).

Phosphorus binder drugs

calcium acetate

Normal magnesium range

The standard blood magnesium level which ranges from $1.7$ to $2.2\,mg/dL$ ($0.85$ to $1.10\,mmol/L$).

Loss of deep tendon reflexes

A specific neurological sign associated with hypermagnesemia. use knee reflex to check if there is hypermagnesemia for pre-eclampsia patient .

treatment for hypermagnesemia

calcium chloride, calcium gluconate

commmon cause for hypomagnesemia

alcohol use disorder

Normal chloride range

The standard reference range for chloride is $96$ to $106\,mmol/L$.

Hyperchloremic acidosis

A condition where metabolic acidosis causes the body to retain chloride.