Chapter 5: Zoonotic and vector borne diseases

characteristics about anthrax

an acute infectious disease, commonly occurs among cattle and sheep goats and other herbivores, veterinarians and agricultural workers are at risk

Rare case of Rabies

occurred in Texas 2009, 17 year old female went to the ER and was discharged after 3 days. She returned again and stated she got bite by a flying bat and was positive for rabies. Rabies immunoglobulin was given and rabies vaccine. The female was discharged healthy

what is the connection of vector borne diseases and the US military 

the US military gets stationed in endemic regions 

zoonotic disease 

an infection or disease transmissible under natural conditions from vertebrae animals to humans 

how is influenza a zoonotic disease 

influenza is linked to animal reservoirs like birds and swine. an example would be the Spanish flu

Malaria

involved complex life cycle of mosquitos and human host

cost of malaria

direct cost- treatment and prevention other cost- lost productivity, lost earning, negative impact on tourism 

what is the most deadly form of malaria

plasmodium falciparum

Leishmaniasis

3 forms- visceral, mucocutaneous, and cutaneous. Transmitted by bite of infected sand fly

what are the methods of control for Leishmaniasis

long acting insecticides, screens to prevent sandflies, elimination of breeding areas, destruction of rodent burrows

plague

infects human and animals. transmitted by the bite of a flea harbored by rodents

Lyme disease 

transmitted to humans associated with infected black legged ticks

rocky mountain spotted fever

transmitted by bite of infected tick

why malaria was resurged

reduction in funding for environmental control program, movement of human population, increasing urbanization, and possible climatic changes