Chapter 4: Upper Limb (No Wrist) Sef Test Workbook

How many phalanges are in one hand?

14

How many metacarpals are in one hand?

5

Name the two phalanges of the thumb (first digit).

Proximal phalanx and distal phalanx

Name the three phalanges of digits 2–5.

Proximal, middle, distal phalanges

List the three parts of a phalanx, starting distally.

Head, body (shaft), base

List the three parts of a metacarpal, starting proximally.

Base, body (shaft), head

Name the joint between the proximal and distal phalanges of the thumb.

Interphalangeal (IP) joint

Name the joints between the metacarpals and phalanges.

Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints

Which forearm bone is lateral in anatomic position?

Radius

Which forearm bone is medial in anatomic position?

Ulna

Which bone has the trochlear notch?

Ulna

Which bone has the radial notch?

Ulna

Which bone has the olecranon fossa?

Humerus

Which bone has the coronoid process?

Ulna

Which joint primarily allows pronation and supination of the forearm?

Proximal radioulnar joint (with distal radioulnar assisting)

What is the medial articular portion of the distal humerus called?

Trochlea

What is the lateral articular portion of the distal humerus called?

Capitulum

What is the deep posterior depression of the distal humerus?

Olecranon fossa

List the three concentric arcs seen on a true lateral elbow.

Trochlear sulcus; double arc of capitulum + trochlea; trochlear notch (ulna)

Movement type of interphalangeal (IP) joints?

Ginglymus (hinge)

Movement type of metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints of digits 2–5?

Ellipsoidal (condyloid)

Movement type of proximal radioulnar joint?

Pivot (trochoidal)

Movement type of the elbow joint (humeroulnar + humeroradial)?

Ginglymus (hinge)

Ellipsoidal joints are what functional class and allow how many motions?

Diarthrodial (freely movable); four primary directions (flexion, extension, abduction, adduction; circumduction as a combo)

In anatomic position, which structure is most distal: head of ulna, head of radius, or olecranon process?

Head of ulna

True or False: To visualize elbow fat pads, technique must show both bone and soft tissue.

True

True or False: Anterior and posterior elbow fat pads are best demonstrated on an AP elbow projection.

False — best seen on a true lateral elbow with proper exposure

Why should the forearm generally not be imaged in PA projection?

Pronation causes the proximal radius to cross over the ulna, obscuring anatomy and increasing distortion at the wrist