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baroque
An artistic style of the seventeenth century characterized by complex forms, bold ornamentation, and contrasting elements
bioterrorism
the use of biological and chemical weapons in terrorist attacks
blitzkrieg
German for "lightning war"; a swift and sudden military attack; used by the Germans during World War II
blitz
the British term for the German air raids on British cities and towns during World War II
bloc
a group of nations with a common purpose
bourgeoisie
the middle class, including merchants, industrialists, and professional people
boyar
Russian noble
budget deficit
the state that exists when a government spends more than it collects in revenues
bureaucracy
an administrative organization that relies on nonelective officials and regular procedures
burgher
a member of the middle class who lived in a city or town
caliphate
the office or dominion of a caliph
capable
aiding or showing ability
capital
money available for investment
caravel
a small, fast, maneuverable ship that had a large cargo hold and usually three masts with lateen sails
cartel
a group of drug businesses
cash crop
a crop that is grown for sale rather than for personal use
caudillo
in post-revolutionary Latin America, a strong leader who ruled chiefly by military force, usually with the support of the landed elite
Cavaliers
a supporter of King Charles I in the English Civil War.
cease
to come to an end
chemical
used in or produced by chemistry
Christian humanism
a movement that developed in northern Europe during the renaissance combining classical learning with the goal of reforming the catholic church
circumstance
a determining condition; state of affairs
civil
involving the general public or civic affairs
civil disobedience
refusal to obey laws that are considered to be unjust
clan
a group of related families
classical
authoritative, traditional; relating to the literature, art, architecture, and ideals of the ancient Greek and Roman world
Cold War
the period of political tension following World War II and ending with the fall of Communism in the Soviet Union at the end of the 1980s
collaborator
a person who assists the enemy
collapse
to break down completely; to suddenly lose force or effectiveness
collateralized debt obligation
a security guaranteed by a pool of, bonds, loans, and other types of debt
