KAAP 310 practical 3

Right Kidney

Left Kidney

Left Ureter

Right Ureter

Urinary Bladder

male ureter

Male Bladder

Male Detrusor Muscle

Male Rectum

Prostate Gland

Prostatic Urethra

Membranous Urethra

Spongy (Penile) Urethra

Penis

Glans Penis

Bulb of Penis

Crus of Penis

Corpus Cavernosum

Corpus Spongyosum

Seminial Glands

Prepuce

Scrotum

Testes

Epididymis

Duct (vas) Deferens

Female Ureter

Female Urinary Bladder

Female Detrusor Muscle

Female Urethra

Female Rectum

Vagina

Female Uterus

Fundus of Uterus

Body of Uterus

Cervix of Uterus

Olvaries

Fimbriae

Fallopian Tubes

Mons Pubis

Labium Majus

Labium Minus

Clitoris

Glans of Clitoris

Bulb of Vestibule

Ovary

Urethra

Clitoris

Labia minora

Vestibular bulb

Labia majora

what belongs to only female

Testis

Urethra

Penis

Urethral surface of penis

Corpus spongiosum

Scrotum

what belongs only to the male

very pale yellow to a straw/amber color

Normal Urine Color

excessive fluid intake or may be a sign of diabetes

Pale Yellow

high level of vitamins, especially Vitamin B.

Bright Yellow

Foods (i.e. beets) or blood in urine

Pink to Red tint

certain bacterial infections or presence of bile pigments

Olive Green

heavy metal poisoning

Brown to Black Tones

excessive levels of white blood cells, fats, protein, or other mineral salts. Possible bacterial infection

Clarity: Cloudiness

4.5 - 7.5

Normal pH

indicate bacterial infection

High pH

diabetes

Low pH

Normal: little to no protein

Presence:

A little protein – stress, dehydration

Persistent presence of protein may indicate kidney damage

Proteins: Normal to have? What does presence mean?

Normal: Not found in urine

Presence: Diabetes, stress, eating a lot of carbs

Glucose: Normal to have? What does presence mean?

Normal: None

Presence: Diabetes, strenuous exercise, alcoholism, pregnancy

Ketones: Normal to have? What does presence mean?

Normal: None

Presence: Extreme physical activity, certain medications, liver or kidney damage, infection or damage in the urinary tract, a condition causing excessive red blood cell destruction, and kidney stones.

Blood/Hemoglobin: Normal to have? What does presence mean?

Normal: None

Presence: Liver problems, too many RBCs being broken down, cirrhosis, gall stones causing bile blockage, types of anemia, or traumatic injury to the liver or gall bladder.

Bilirubin: Normal to have? What does presence mean?

Normal: None

Presence: typically a sign of urinary tract infection

Nitrites: Normal to have? What does presence mean?

Normal: 1.005 – 1.030

Compares mass of urine sample to the mass of pure water

Can vary due to level of hydration, kidney function, etc.

Specific Gravity: What is considered normal range? What effects it?

Oral Cavity

hard palate

soft palate

uvula

body of tongue

pharynx

nasopharynx

oropharynx

laryngopharynx

epiglottis

esophagus

stomach

greater curvature of stomach

lower curvature of the stomach

cardia of stomach

fundus of stomach

body of the stomach

pylorus

pyloric sphincter

gastric folds

serosa

oblique muscle layer

circular muscle layer

longitudinal muscle layer

submucosa

small intestine

duodenum

jejunum

ileum

ileocecal junction

large intestine

cecum

ascending colon

right colic flexure

transverse colon

left colic flexure

descending colon