Intro to Psychology Recitation - Week Five

A collection of vocabulary flashcards derived from lecture notes on emotions and motivations in psychology.

Emotion

A positive or negative experience that is associated with a particular pattern of physiological activity.

Multidimensional Scaling

A technique for mapping emotions on a two-dimensional scale based on arousal and valence.

James-Lange Theory

Suggests that a stimulus triggers physiological activity, which then produces an emotional experience.

Cannon-Bard Theory

Posits that stimuli simultaneously trigger both physiological activity and emotional experience.

Two-Factor Theory

Proposed by Schachter and Singer, this theory states that emotions are based on inferences about the causes of physiological arousal.

Emotional Communication

Observable signs of an emotional state including facial expressions, tone of voice, and body posture.

Universality Hypothesis

The claim that emotional expressions have the same meaning for everyone, regardless of culture.

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

The theory that emotional expressions can cause the emotional experiences they signal.

Motivation

The purpose for or psychological cause of an action.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

A theory that organizes human needs into a hierarchy, where some needs must be satisfied before others.

Bulimia Nervosa

An eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging.

Anorexia Nervosa

An eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight and severe restriction of food intake.

Intrinsic Motivation

A motivation to take actions that are themselves rewarding.

Extrinsic Motivation

A motivation to take actions that lead to reward, often requiring the delay of gratification.

The Prisoner's Dilemma

A scenario in game theory where two individuals may not cooperate, leading to worse outcomes for both.

Commitment Problems

Situations where individuals are unable to trust each other, leading to anxiety and distrust.

Doomsday Machine Theory

A hypothetical device that triggers a nuclear attack in response to an initial attack, meant to deter aggression.

Deliberate vs. Spontaneous Facial Pathways

Two separate neural pathways: one for intentional movements and the other for genuine emotional expressions.