COMSCI2101 _OS - M1

Operating System

It is a group of programs that allow a user to control and communicate with a computer.

Operating System

It manages the hardware, software, memory, and processes of the computer.

Operating System

It is the most important software that runs on a computer.
Normally, a number of computer programs operate concurrently, requiring access to the computer's processor (CPU), memory, and storage.

Hardware and Software

Computer System is composed of….

Software

In which part of the computer system is the OS categorized?

Operating System

It manages all hardware and software which controls every file, device, section of main memory and nanosecond of processing time. It is also the central controller in a computer.

• Microsoft Windows

• macOS

• Linux

• Android

• iOS

Commonly used Operating Systems

1. Memory Manager

2. Processor Manager

3. Device Manager

4. File Manager

5. Network Manager

Operating System Managers (5 Essential Managers of OS)

Manager Tasks

• Monitor its resources continuously.

• Enforce the system policies that determines who gets what, when, and how.

• Allocate and Deallocate the resource when appropriate.

Identify the History of Machine Hardware in order.

Mainframe

• A large machine in size with high internal memory capacity.

IBM 360 (1964)

A classic example of an early mainframe

IBM 360 model 30

• Required an air-conditioned room about 18 feet square.

• The CPU was 5 feet high and 6 feet wide.

• Internal memory of 64k.

• $200,000 in 1964 dollars.

MINI Computer

• Developed to meet the needs of smaller institutions

MINI Computer

Compared to mainframe, it is smaller in size and memory capacity and cheaper.

Minicomputers

a.k.a. midrange computers

SUPER Computer

• Massive machine that handles massive computations
• It was developed primarily for government applications
• For military operations and weather forecasting

SUPER Computer

Cray supercomputer is an example of this computer.

- 6 to 1,000 processors

- Performs up to 2.4 trillion floating-point

operations per second (2.4 teraflops)

Uses:

- Scientific research

- Customer support or product development

MICRO Computer

Developed for single users in the late 1970s.

Physical size was smaller that the mini

Workstations

• Most powerful microcomputers

• Developed for commercial, educational, and government enterprises

• Networked together

Workstations

• Support engineering and technical users

- Massive mathematical computations

- Computer – aided design (CAD)

- Applications

Servers

These powerful computers provide specialized services to other

computers on client/server networks. Such computers perform critical network tasks.

OS in different platforms