MODULE 2: FAMILY

CHARACTERISTICS OF A HEALTHY FAMILY

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1. Learning to be open
2. Honesty follows communication 
3. Having fun together 
4. Family should be able to count on one another through hard times and fun times as well
5. all want to feel appreciated
6. Spending time together 
7. Dealing with stress can be a huge challenge
8. Wellness can be broken down into physical, spiritual and emotional.
9. Keeping a positive attitude 
10. Bouncing back no matter what has happened 

TYPES OF FAMILY STRUCTURE:

1. NUCLEAR
2. EXTENDED
3. SINGLE PARENT
4. BLENDED/RECONSTITUTED
5. COMPOUND
6. COMMUNAL
7. COHABITING/LIVE-IN
8. DYAD
9. GAY/LESBIAN
10. NO-KIN
11. FOSTER

NUCLEAR

a father, a mother with child/children living together

EXTENDED

composed of two or more nuclear families economically and socially related to each other.

SINGLE PARENT

divorced or separated, unmarried or widowed with at least one child

BLENDED/RECONSTITUTED

combination of two families with children from both families and sometimes children of the newly married couple. 

COMPOUND

one man/woman with several spouses

COMMUNAL

more than one monogamous couple sharing resources.

COHABITING/LIVE-IN

unmarried couple living together.

DYAD

husband and wife or other couple living alone without children.

GAY/LESBIAN

homosexual couple living together with or without children.

NO-KIN

a group of at least two people sharing a relationship and exchange support who have no legal or blood tie to each other

FOSTER

substitute family for children whose parents are unable to care for them

FUNCTIONAL TYPE OF FAMILY:

1. FAMILY OF PROCREATION
2. FAMILY OF ORIENTATION

FAMILY OF PROCREATION

refers to the family you yourself created.

FAMILY OF ORIENTATION

refers to the family where you came from

DECISION IN THE FAMILY(AUTHORITY)

1. PATRIARCHAL
2. MATRIARCHAL
3. EGALITARIAN
4. DEMOCRATIC
5. AUTOCRATIC
6. LAISSEZ-FAIRE
7. MATRICENTRIC
8. PATRICENTIC

PATRIARCHAL

full authority on the father or any male member of the family.

MATRIARCHAL 

full authority of the mother or any female member of the family.

EGALITARIAN

husband and wife exercise a more or less amount of authority.

DEMOCRATIC

everybody is involved in decision making

AUTOCRATIC

Only one person decides

LAISSEZ-FAIRE

“full autonomy”

MATRICENTRIC

the mother decides/takes charge in absence of the father

PATRICENTIC

the father decides/ takes charge in absence of the mother

TYPES OF FAMILY DECENT

1. PATRILINEAL 
2. BILATERAL
3. MATRILINEAL

PATRILINEAL

Affiliates a person with a group of relatives who are related to him though his father

BILATERAL

both parents

MATRILINEAL

related through mother

TYPES OF FAMILY RESIDENCE

1. PATRILOCAL
2. MATRILOCAL

PATRILOCAL

family resides / stays with / near domicile of the parents of the husband

MATRILOCAL

live near the domicile of the parents of the wife

FUNCTION OF FAMILY (ACKERMAN):

* Ensuring the physical survival of the species.


* Transmitting the culture, thereby insuring man’s humanness.
* Affectional function
* Social functions

UNIVERSAL FUNCTION OF THE FAMILY (GOOD)

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1. REPRODUCTION for replacement of members of society
2. STATUS PLACEMENT of individual in society
3. BIOLOGICAL and MAINTENANCE OF THE YOUNG and dependent members
4. Socialization and care of the children
5. Social control

FAMILY HEALTH NURSING

1. The family is a product of time and place
2. The family develops its own lifestyle
3. The family operates as a group
4. The family accommodates the needs of the individual members
5. The family relates to the community
6. The family has a growth cycle

STAGES OF FAMILY DEVELOPMENT

1. Beginning Family: (newly-wed couples)
2. Childbearing Family: (0-30 months old)
3. Family with Preschoolers: (3-6yrs old)
4. Family with School Children: (6-12yrs old)
5. Family with Teenagers: (13-25yrs old)
6. Launching Center: (1st child will get married up to the last child)
7. The Family of Middle Years (36-60yrs old)
8. Aging Family(61yrs old to death)

Beginning Family: (newly-wed couples)

* establish their home but do not yet have children


* Establishing a satisfying home and marriage relationship
* preparing for childbirth

Childbearing Family: (0-30 months old)

* From birth of the first child until that child is 2 1/2 years old.


* Adjusting to increased family size.
* Emphasize importance;
* pregnancy & immunization
* learn concept of parenting
* allocation of resources

Family with Preschoolers: (3-6yrs old)

* oldest child is between the ages of 2 1/2 and 6.


* Satisfying the needs & interests of preschool children; coping with demands on energy and attention with less privacy at home.
* learn the concept of responsible parenthood; division of labor

Family with School Children: (6-12yrs old)

* oldest child is between the ages of 6 and 13.


* Promoting educational achievement and fitting in with the community.
* Reinforce the concept of responsible parenthood; socialization of members

Family with Teenagers: (13-25yrs old)

* oldest child is between the ages of 13 and 20.


* Allow children become more independent; cope with their independence; develop new interests beyond childcare.
* “let go system” and “generation gap”

Launching Center: (1st child will get married up to the last child)

* oldest child leaves the family for independent adult life till the time the last child leaves.


* Releasing young adults and accepting new ways of relating to them
* PD 965 & acceptance of the new member of the family maintenance of order

The Family of Middle Years (36-60yrs old)

* time the children are gone till the marital couple retires from employment.


* Renewing and redefining the marriage relationship
* Family returns to two partners nuclear unit

Aging Family(61yrs old to death)

* retirement till the death of the surviving marriage partner.


* Adjusting to retirement
* Maintenance of motivation and morale

5 FAMILY HEALTH TASKS

1. Recognizing interruptions of health development
2. Making decisions about seeking health care/ to take action
3. Providing care to all members of the family
4. Maintaining a home environment conducive to health maintenance
5. Utilize community resources for health care

ROLES OF HEALTH CARE PROVIDER IN FHC

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1. Health monitor
2. Provider of care
3. Coordinator
4. Facilitator
5. Teacher
6. Counselor

FAMILY ROLES

1. Nurturing figure
2. Provider
3. Decision maker
4. Problem-solver
5. Health manager
6. Gate keeper

Nurturing figure

primary caregiver to children or any dependent member.

Provider

provides the family’s basic needs.

Decision maker

makes decisions particularly in areas such as finance, resolution of conflicts, use of leisure time etc.

Problem-solver

resolves family problems to maintain unity and solidarity.

Health manager

monitors the health and ensures that members return to health appointments.

Gate keeper

Determines what information will be released from the family or what new information can be introduced.

12 BAHAVIORS INDICATING A WELL FAMILY

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1. Able to provide for physical emotional and spiritual needs of family member.
2. Able to be sensitive to the needs of the family members.
3. Able to communicate thought and feelings effectively.
4. Able to provide support, security and encouragement.
5. Able to initiate and maintain growth producing relationship.
6. Maintain and create constructive and responsible community relationships.
7. Able to grow with and through children.
8. Ability to perform family roles flexibly.
9. Able to help oneself and to accept help when appropriate.
10. Demonstrate mutual respect for the individuality of family members.
11. Ability to use a crisis experience as a means of growth.
12. Demonstrate concern of family unity, loyalty and interfamily cooperation.

Family health care nursing

is an art and a science that is a way of thinking about and working with families.

Family Centered Nursing

considers health of the family as a unit in addition to the health of individual family members

Family health nursing

a nursing aspect of organized family health care services which are directed or focused on family as the unit care with health as the goal.

GOAL

Optimal functioning for the individual and for the family as a unit

OBJECTIVES OF FAMILY HEALTH NURSING

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1. Identify health & nursing needs and problems of each family.
2. Ensure family’s understanding and acceptance of these needs and problems.
3. Plan and provide health and nursing services with the active participation of family members.
4. Help families develop abilities to deal with their health needs and health problems independently.
5. Help family make intelligent use of promotive, preventive, therapeutic and rehabilitative health and allied facilities and services in the community. 
6. Educate, counsel and guide family members to cultivate good personal health habits, practice safe cultural practices and maintain wholesome physical, psychosocial, and spiritual environment

PRINCIPLES OF FAMILY HEALTH NURSING

1. Provide services without discrimination.
2. Periodic and continuous appraisal and evaluation of family health situation.
3. Proper maintenance of record and reports.
4. Provide continuous services.
5. Health education, guidance and supervision as integral part of family health nursing.
6. Plan and provide family health nursing with active participation of family.
7. Services should be realistic in terms of resources available.
8. Encourage family to contribute towards community health.
9. Active participation in making health care delivery system

4 APPROACHES IN THE FHN CARE

1. Family as the context
2. Family as the client
3. Family as a system
4. Family as a component of society

Family as the context

nurse views the family as context the primary focus is on the health and development of an individual member.

Family as the client

* family as the sum of individuals family members.


* focus is concentrated on each and every individual as they affect the whole family. 

Family as a system

* focus is on the family as a client and viewed as an international system in which the whole is more than the sum of its parts.


* approach focuses on the individual and family members become the target for nursing interventions.

Family as a component of society

family is a basic or primary unit of society, as are all the other units and they are all a part of the larger system of society.

ROLES OF HEALTH CARE NURSES

1. Health teacher
2. Coordinator
3. Deliverer and supervisor of care and technical expert
4. Family advocate
5. Consultant