7. parasitology insects

yes

do insects always have eyes?

antennae

what structure do insects have on their head that arthropods do not have?

simple or complex

what type of eyes do insects have?

head, thorax, abdomen

what are the 3 separations of the body of an insect?

only diptera- mosquitoes and flies

do insects have wings?

3

adult insects have _____ pairs of legs

eye

general insect morphology. what is 1?

2

general insect morphology. where is the antennae?

the mouthparts

general insect morphology. what is 3?

4

general insect morphology. where is the prothorax?

5

general insect morphology. where is the mesothorax?

metathorax

general insect morphology. what is 6?

prothorax, mesothorax, and metathorax

general insect morphology.

what are 4,5, and 6?

Mallophaga- chewing lice

Anoplura- sucking lice

what are the 2 types of lice that we study?

fleas

what is the common name for siphonaptera?

flies and mosquitoes

what 2 groups of insects belong to the order diptera?

sucking lice

anoplura are commonly known as _________

no

do lice have wings?

yes- simple eyes

do lice have eyes?

permanent

are lice, (both anoplura and mallophaga) permanent or temporary parasites of mammals?

mallophaga (chewing lice)

which, anoplura (sucking lice) or mallophaga (chewing lice) have a larger head?

biting and sucking mouthparts

what type of mouthparts do anoplura (sucking lice) have?

yes, very. this is because they have a tarsal claw and tibial pad that are designed to fit a specific hair type.

are anoplura (sucking lice) host specific?

they have a tarsal claw and tibial pad that are designed to fit a specific hair type. it cannot grab on to any type of hair, but only the one it is designed for.

what morphological feature makes anoplura (sucking lice) so host specific?

solenophagus- they can directly access the blood vessel and drink blood from it

anoplura (sucking lice) are hematophagus. but are they solenophagus or telmophagus?

anoplura (sucking lice)

-smaller head than thorax

-tibial pad and tarsal claw

-no wings

what type of insect is this?

anoplura (sucking lice)

which insect has this very specific tibial pad and tarsal claw that make it specific for a host's hair?

anoplura (sucking lice)

what insect is this?

blood (they are hematophagus- more specifically, solenophagus)

what do anoplura (sucking lice) eat from the host?

hemi-

they skip the larval stage

anoplura (sucking lice) have a ______metabolous life cycle

egg, nymph (I, II, III), adult

because anoplura (sucking lice) have a hemimetabolous life cycle, they have what life stages?

gonopods (for egg laying) and cementant glands (to allow eggs to get attached to the hair)

what special structures does an adult female anoplura (sucking lice) have?

to allow eggs to get attached to the hair

what are the cementant glands of the female anoplura (sucking lice) for?

first nymph

what stage emerges from the nit of an anoplura (sucking lice)?

3

how many nymphal stages does a anoplura (sucking lice) have?

21

the life cycle of the anoplura (sucking lice) is done in _____ days

eclosion of the nit- the nymph opens the cap of the egg, air bubbles enter and help push the nymph out

anoplura (sucking lice) nit (egg). what is happening?

Pthirus

Pediculus

Hematopinus

what are the 3 genuses within the suborder anoplura (sucking lice) that we are interested in?

anoplura (sucking lice)

which type of insect famously transmits pediculosis?

mallophaga- much bigger head

anoplura- very specific tarsal claw and tibial pad

how can we differentiate between anoplura (sucking lice) and mallophaga (chewing lice)?

birds and mammals

what species do mallophaga (chewing lice) infect?

mammals

what species do anoplura (sucking lice) infect?

anoplura (sucking lice)

which type of lice is hematophagus- anoplura (sucking lice) or mallophaga (chewing lice)?

no, they eat hair, feathers, sebacious glands

can eat blood, but do not search for it

are mallophaga (chewing lice) hematophagus?

hair, feathers, sebacious glands

what do mallophaga (chewing lice) feed on?

mallophaga (chewling lice)

which insect?

mallophaga (chewling lice)

which type of lice, anoplura or mallophaga can infect birds?

Geniocotes

Columbicola

which genuses of mallophaga (chewing lice) infect birds?

Trichodectes- infect dogs

Felicola- infect cats

which genuses of mallophaga (chewing lice) infect mammals?

Dipylidium caninum- tapeworm

what important parasite is transmitted by mallophaga (chewling lice)?

holometabolous

are siphonaptera (fleas) holo or hemi metabolous?

-laterally flat body

-very long 3rd pair of legs

-no wings

-antennae in antennal groove (not visible)

-simple eyes

-many have a genal or pronotal ctenidium (comb)

-sensilium (sensory organ at end of the body)

describe the morphology of siphonaptera (fleas)

no

are siphonaptera (fleas) host specific?

anoplura (sucking lice)

which, anoplura or mallophaga are more host specific?

they are hidden inside of the antennal groove

what is special about the antennae of siphonaptera (fleas)?

adults: blood- they are hematophagus

larva: flea frass (feces of the adults)

what do siphonaptera (fleas) eat?

yes

are siphonaptera (fleas) hematophagus?

sensilium

what special sensory organ do siphonaptera (fleas) have at the end of their abdomen?

siphonaptera (fleas)

what insect has a sensilium at the end of their abdomen?

genal ctenidium (on the head)

pronotal ctenidium (on the thorax)

what are these black comb-like structures on the head and thorax of the siphonaptera (fleas)?

siphonaptera (fleas)

what is this insect?

siphonaptera (fleas)

this is the pupa of a ________

1

siphonaptera (flea)- where are the mouthparts?

genal ctenidium (comb)

siphonaptera (flea)- what is 2?

3

siphonaptera (flea)- where is the eye?

4 and 5

siphonaptera (flea)- where is the antennae and antennal groove?

7

siphonaptera (flea)- where is the pronotal ptenidium?

Sensilium (Pygidium)

siphonaptera (flea)- what is 11?

11

siphonaptera (flea)- where is the sensilium (pygidium)?

solenophagus- directly access the blood vessel

siphonaptera (flea) are hematophagus. are they solenophagus or telmophagus?

siphonaptera (flea)

which insect eliminates feces that is consumed by their larva?

it is consumed by the flea larva

adult siphonapteras (flea) eliminate feces, which has what purpose?

feces (containing blood) eliminated by the adult siphonaptera (flea) that is consumed by the larva

what is flea frass?

injects saliva

what do siphonaptera (flea) do that produces an allergic reaction in the host?

temporary- only parasitic when adults

are siphonaptera (fleas) permanent or temporary parasites?

egg, larva (I, II, III, IV), pupa, adult

what are the stages in a siphonaptera (flea) life cycle?

vermiform (worm-like)

siphonaptera (flea) have _______ larva

95

_____% of fleas live as immature stages in the pet's surroundings

yes, males have long chitinous copulatory organs

can you differentiate a male and a female siphonaptera (flea)?

left

which is the male?

right

which is the female?

siphonaptera (flea), male- can see long copulatory organs

what is the type of insect? is it male or female?

siphonaptera (flea), female- no copulatory organs

what type of insect? male or female?

siphonaptera (flea)

what species?

flea frass

what is this?

siphonaptera (flea)

this is the life cycle of what insect?

Pulex irritans

Xenopsylla cheopis

Ctenocephalides canis

what are the 3 important genuses of siphonaptera (flea)?

siphonaptera (flea), genus Xenopsylla cheopis

what insect transmitted the bubonic plague?

the presence of larva in live tissue

what is myiasis?

blood (hematophagus)

all adult diptera eat ______

mosquitoes- slim body, narrow wings, long legs, long antennae

flies- robust body, wide wings, short legs, short antennae

what are the main morphological differences between mosquitoes and flies?

mosquitoes

which has slimmer wings- flies or mosquitoes?

flies

which has a more robust body- flies or mosquitoes?

yes (exception of melophagus)

do all diptera have wings?

Culex

Aedes

Anopheles

the family culicidae are true mosquitoes. what are the 3 important genuses?

anoplura (sucking lice)

what insect?

proboscis

culicidae (true mosquitoes) have a very long ________

males- plumose antennae (very feathery)

females- pilose antennae (more simple)

how can you differentiate between males and females of culicidae?

only females

are all culicidae (true mosquitoes) hematophagus?

solenophagus

female culicidae (true mosquitoes) are hematophagus. are they solenophagus or telmophagus?