Music and Arts in Medieval and Classical Periods

Medieval Period

Also known as the Middle Ages, started at the fall of Roman Empire. This period lasted from the 5th to 15th century (700 - 1400).

Sacred Music

Type of music that is intended for religious purposes.

Secular Music

Type of music that is intended for entertainment.

Vocal Music

Kind of music meant to be sung. Other term for song.

Instrumental Music

Kind of music that does not involve singing, just playing instruments.

Gregorian Chant

A sacred vocal music that was employed as a prayer for the priests or monks.

Neumes

A system of notation developed to solve the problem of not learning the song exactly as it was composed.

Monophonic

It follows a single melody.

Free-meter

There are three ways of composing Gregorian Chants: Syllabic, Neumatic, and Mellismatic.

Syllabic

Tones are distributed in each syllable. Example: A-men A-men A-men.

Neumatic

There are two to three tones in each syllable. Example: A—le—lu—ia—.

Mellismatic

There are more than three tones in each syllable. Example: A-----------le---------lu---------ia-------.

Lyric Poets

Poets whose songs are about chivalry and courtly love.

Characteristics of Medieval Music

Includes free-meter, monophonic texture, and modal characteristics.

Medieval Music Time Period

700 - 1400.

Pyramids of Giza

Among the best pieces of architecture in the world, almost 136m (446 ft) high.

Egyptian Art

Includes mythological representations and scenes of everyday activities such as hunting, fishing, farming, or banqueting.

Doric Order

Characteristics of the Temple of Poseidon's massive, closely spaced columns.

Venus de Milo

Considered by many art historians to be an ideal of Hellenistic beauty.

Greek Panel Painting

Surviving examples depict scenes of banqueting and dining, showing skillful drawing and understanding of human anatomy.

Temple of Poseidon

Constructed in the mid-5th Century BC.

Khafre Enthroned

A sculpture carved from a solid block of diorite, the hardest stone available at the time of the old Kingdom in Egypt.

Artistic Elements and Principles

Analyzes art elements and principles in the production of work following the style of Western and Classical art.

Prehistoric Era

Includes all human existence before the emergence of writing.

Ancient Era

Refers to the period of art before the Classical Era.

Art Periods

Identifies distinct characteristics of arts during different art periods.

Representative Artists

Identifies artists from various art periods.

Classical Period

5th and 4th centuries BC art era.

Nike of Samothraki

Dramatic sculpture known as Winged Victory.

Phidias

Famous Greek sculptor of classical statues.

Polyclitus

Sculptor known for idealized human proportions.

Praxiteles

Sculptor famous for graceful figures.

Lysippus

Sculptor who introduced new proportions.

Parthenon

Temple in Athens dedicated to Athena.

Mosaic

Art made from small colored stones.

Pebble mosaics

Earliest mosaics using black and white stones.

Roman Painting

Depicts rituals, myths, and daily life.

Pompeii

City with preserved Roman paintings.

Portland Vase

Roman cameo glass vase from 1st century AD.

Peleus and Thetis

Myth depicted on the Portland Vase.

Byzantine Art

Art blending Greek and Oriental styles.

Romanesque Art

Features elongated figures and heavy outlines.

Gothic Art

Characterized by elegant and sophisticated styles.

Mille fleur

Pattern of 'thousand flowers' in art.

First Aid

Immediate care for injuries or illness.

RICE Method

Rest, Ice, Compress, Elevate for injuries.

Strain

Injury to muscles from improper use.

Sprain

Injury to ligaments from overstretching.

Heat Exhaustion

Condition from loss of salt and water.

Elevation

Raising injured part to reduce swelling.

Antelope in Grant Hunt

Detail of Roman painting depicting a hunt.

Christian subjects

Themes in Byzantine painting style.

Mandorla

Almond-shaped enclosure around holy figures.

Illumination

Decorative art in manuscript pages.

Frescoes

Wall paintings done on wet plaster.

Warm-up

Preparation to prevent injuries before physical activity.

Community Health

Art and science of improving community health.

Environmental Health

Health aspects determined by environmental factors.

Healthy Community Characteristics

Features promoting well-being and safety for all.

Primary Health Care

Community health program involving local partnerships.

Maternal Health Care

Services for women during pregnancy and childbirth.

Child Health Care

Immunizations and disease control for children.

Nutrition Program

Initiatives for food supplementation and health.

Population and Family Planning

Programs providing free family planning services.

Communicable Diseases Control

Programs to manage and prevent infectious diseases.

Environmental Sanitation

Inspection and regulation of food establishments.

Non-communicable Diseases Control

Screening programs for chronic health issues.

Dental Health Program

Services including tooth extractions and oral care.

Reproductive Health Care

Counseling and services for family planning.

Epidemiology and Surveillance

Monitoring and controlling disease outbreaks.

Mental Hygiene

Counseling services focused on mental health.

Pharmacy Services

Distribution of medicines at health centers.

Clean Physical Environment

Essential for promoting community health.

Social Harmony

Community engagement and cooperation among members.

Local Health Issues

Understanding and addressing community health concerns.

Access to Health Services

Availability of appropriate health facilities for all.

Cultural Heritage

Promotion of local history and traditions.

Sustainable Resource Use

Responsible management of community resources.

Community Participation

Involvement in identifying local health solutions.

Health Center Services

Comprehensive health services provided at local centers.

Community Benefits

Advantages of maintaining a healthy community.

Health Promotion

Activities aimed at enhancing community well-being.

Disaster Management

Preparedness programs for health emergencies.

Community Health Program

Organized efforts to improve community health outcomes.

Health Education

Informing community about health practices and services.

Physical Activity

Exercise essential for maintaining health.

Health Assessment

Evaluating community health status and needs.