GST 110 Chapters 1-3

Quiz #1

International Studies

A field of inquiry that examines the broad array of human relationships that involve cross-border interactions

Geographic Borders

Borders that delineate the physical world (mountains, oceans, rivers, deserts, and ozone) and affect how humans have settled and the degree to which they interact with one another

Political Borders

Borders that delineate the governing entities of the world and that are distinguished on the basis of territory, population, governments, and recognition by others

Economic Borders

Borders that delineate the markets that promote the exchange of goods and services across the world

Social Borders

Borders that delineate the class divisions of the world that are formed by inequality of opportunity

Cultural Borders

Borders that delineate the nations of the world that form identities in terms of language, religion, and ethnicity, or a common historical experience

Globalization

The political, economic, social, and cultural flows across the international system; the term includes a broad range of interactions, from trade and financial relationships to the integrated communication networks that have developed to facilitate those connections

Hyperglobalization

The view that emphasizes the progressive erosion of the borders that have differentiated national economies and sustained the centrality of nation states

Gross Domestic Product

The value of all the goods and services produced within a given country

Gross National Product

The value of all the goods and services produced by a country’s citizens regardless of where they may be living

Golden Straitjacket

A term used by journalist Thomas Friedman to describe what states must do to participate competitively in the global market

Global Issues

Challenges that transcend state boundaries and require a collective response; no single entity possesses the ability to deal with or solve issues by itself

Citizenship

The duties, rights, privileges, and responsibilities of individuals to and the community in which they reside

Global Citizens

Individuals who perceive themselves as members of a global community; such people are aware of the wider world, respect and value diversity, and are willing to act to make the world a more equitable and sustainable place

Global Commons

A natural asset to earth that is is available to all (Examples include clean air, a healthy environment, and access to the oceans and outer space)

Sustainable Development

Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

Geography

The study of the earth and its characteristics

Physical Geography

The study of the earth and its resources

Human Geography

The study of how humans interface the physical environment and how political, economic, social, and cultural factors influence these connections

Carrying Capacity

The earth’s ability to meet the needs of its population

Malthusian Dilemma

The conflict inherent in the idea that the growth of the world’s population increases geometrically, whereas the production of food can increase arithmetically

Deforestation

The destruction of forest areas due to human actions or environmental factors

Food Insecurity

The lack of secure access to sufficient amounts of safe and nutritious food for normal growth and development and an active and healthy life

Desertification

The degradation of land in arid, semi-arid, and dry sub-humid areas resulting from variations in the climate and human activities

Greenhouse Effect

The rise in the earth’s temperature due to the greenhouse gases that trap heat in the atmosphere

Digitization

The conversion of information to computer-ready format

Digital Age

The development of digital technology in the 21st Century characterized by the ability to transfer large amounts of information with ease to access knowledge from virtually any location

Digital Divide

Unequal access to the Internet that separates those who have it and those who do not (Globally significant)

Industrial Revolution

The 18th Century transformation from a human-and-animal based labor economy to one based on machines

Short-Message Service

Technology that allows mobile phone users to text messages of up to 160 characters to one another

Cloud Computing

The delivery of web-based content via remote servers to multiple devices

Artificial Intelligence

The ability of machines to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence—recognize patterns, learn from experience, draw conclusions, and make predictions

Cyberwarfare

The unlawful penetration and disruption of online systems

User-Generated Content

Social media content that originates through individual uploading of videos, blogs, pictures, tweets, or other types of expression