Tufts DPT Anatomy: Week 3 - Questions, Origins, Insertions, Innervations, Functions

tibialis anterior

Origin: Lateral Condyle of tibia, superior lateral tibia, interosseous membrane

Insertion: medial inferior surface of 1st cuneiform and MT

Innervation: Deep Fibular Nerve (L4,L5)

Action: Dorsiflexion and inversion

Extensor Digitorum Longus

Origin: Lateral condyle of tibia, superior medial fibula, interosseous membrane

Insertion: Middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5

Innervation: Deep Fibular nerve (L4,L5)

Action: Extend toes 2-5 and dorsiflexion

fibularis tertius

Origin: inferior anterior fibula, interosseous membrane

Insertion: dorsum of base of 5th MT

Innervation: Deep Fibular nerve (L4,L5)

Action: Dorsiflexion, aids in eversion

extensor hallucis longus

Origin: Mid anterior fibula, interosseous membrane

Insertion: dorsal aspect of distal phalanx of great toe

Innervation: Deep Fibular nerve (L4,L5)

Action: Extends great toe, Dorsiflexion

fibularis longus

Origin: mid to inferior lateral fibula

Insertion: base of 5th MT

Innervation: Superficial Fibular nerve (L5-S2)

Action: plantarflexion, eversion

fibularis brevis

Origin: Head and superior lateral portion of fibula

Insertion: Base of 1st MT and cuneiform

Innervation: Superficial Fibular nerve

Action: plantarflexion, eversion

gastrocnemius

Origin: Lateral condyle and popliteal surface of Femur

Insertion: Posterior surface of calcaneus

Innervation: Tibial nerve (S1,S2)

Action: Plantarflex with knee ext., and knee flexion

soleus

Origin: Posterior fibular head, soleal line of tibia

Insertion: Posterior surface of calcaneus

Innervation: Tibial nerve (S1,S2)

Action: Plantarflexion

plantaris

Origin: lateral supracondylar line of femur, oblique popliteal ligament

Insertion: Posterior surface of calcaneus

Innervation: Tibial nerve (S1, S2)

Action: plantarflexion (weak may be more proprioceptive)

popliteus

Origin: Lateral surface of lateral femoral condyle

Insertion: Posterior surface of tibia superior to soleal line

Innervation: Tibial Nerve (L4-S1)

Action: Unlocks tibia by internally rotating tibia 5 degree, knee flexion (weak)

flexor hallucis longus

Origin: inferior posterior fibula and interosseous membrane

Insertion: distal phalanx of great toe

Innervation: Tibial nerve (S2,S3)

Action: Flex great toe, weak plantarflexion, supports medial longitudinal arch

flexor digitorum longus

Origin: Medial posterior tibia

Insertion: distal phalanges of digits 2-5

Innervation: Tibial nerve (S2,S3)

Action: Flexes digits 2-5, weak plantarflexion, supports medial longitudinal arch

tibialis posterior

Origin: Posterior tibia, fibula and interosseous membrane

Insertion: Navicular, cuneiform, cuboid, sustenaculum tali, bases of MT 2-4

Innervation: Tibial Nerve (L4,L5)

Action: Plantarflexion, inversion, maintain medial longitudinal arch

abductor hallucis

Origin: medial tuberosity of calcaneus, flexor retinaculum, plantar aponeurosis

Insertion: 1st proximal phalanx

Innervation: Medial Plantar nerve (S2,S3)

Action: Abducts and flexes great toe

flexor digitorum brevis

Origin: Medial tuberosity of calcaneus, ubtermuscular septum, plantar aponeurosis

Insertion: both sides of middle phalanx on toes 2-5

Innervation: Medial plantar nerve (S2,S3)

Action: flexes toes 2-5

abductor digiti minimi

Origin: Medial and lateral tuberosity of calcaneus, intermuscular septum, plantar aponeurosis

Insertion: base of 5th proximal phalanx

Innervation: Lateral plantar nerve (S2,S3)

Action: Abducts and flexes 5th digit

Quadratus plantae

Origin: Medial surface and lateral margin of calcaneus

Insertion: flexor digitorum longus tendons

Innervation: Lateral plantar nerve (S2,S3)

Action: assists in flexing toes 2-5

Lumbricals

Origin: Tendons of Flexor digitorum longus

Insertion: medial side of toes 2-4

Innervation: Medial plantar nerve (digit 2) and Lateral Plantar

nerve (digit 3-5)

Action: Flex proximal phalanges, extend middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5

flexor hallucis brevis

Origin: Plantar surface of cuboid and lateral cuneiforms

Insertion: base of proximal phalanx of 1st toe

Innervation: Medial plantar nerve

Action: flex proximal phalanx of 1st toe

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Origin: Base of 5th MT

Insertion: Base of proximal phalanx of 5th toe

Innervation: Superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve

Action: flex proximal phalanx of 5th toe

Plantar Interossei

Origin: Plantar aspect of medial sides of MT 3-5

Insertion: Medial side of base of phalanges 3-5

Innervation: Lateral plantar nerve

Action: adducts digits 3-5 PAD, flex MTP joints

Dorsal Interossei

Origin: Side of MT's 1-5

Insertion: medial side of 2nd toe, lateral sides of toes 2-4

Innervation: Lateral Plantar nerve

Action: Abducts digits 2-4 DAB, flexes MTP joints

extensor digitorum brevis

Origin: Calcaneus, interosseous talocalcaneal ligament, inferior extensor retinaculum

Insertion: Long extensor tendons of digits 2-4

Innervation: Deep Fibular nerve (L5, S1)

Action: helps ext. of toes 2-4 at MTP and IP joints

extensor hallucis brevis

Origin: Calcaneus, interosseous talocalcaneal ligament, inferior extensor retinaculum

Insertion: Dorsal aspect of proximal phalanx of great toe

Innervation: Deep Fibular nerve (L5,S1)

Action: helps extend great toe at the MTP

The following is made up of branches from the tibial nerve and common fibular (peroneal) nerve:

Sural nerve

3 multiple choice options

Difficulty clearing the ground in the swing state of gait. What nerve?

Deep fibular

2 multiple choice options

patient presents with a decreased ability to plantar flex during gait. Whaich nerve might be impaired?

tibial

3 multiple choice options