WEST COAST EMT BLOCK 2 QUIZ QUESTIONS

A 5-year-old boy has fallen and has a severe deformity of the forearm near the wrist. He has possibly sustained a fracture of the ________ forearm.

Select one: A. distal B. superior C. proximal D. dorsal

distal

A diabetic patient has polydipsia. This means that she:

Select one:

A. is excessively thirsty.

B. has low blood sugar.

C. urinates frequently.

D. is unable to swallow.

is excessively thirsty

A fracture of the humerus just above the elbow would be described as a:

Select one:

A. proximal elbow fracture.

B. distal humerus fracture.

C. proximal humerus fracture.

D. distal forearm fracture.

distal humerus fracture.

A patient has fractured both femurs. Anatomically, these injuries would be described as being:

Select one:

A. bilateral.

B. unilateral.

C. medial.

D. proximal.

bilateral

A patient in a semi-reclined position with the head elevated to facilitate breathing is in the ________ position.

Select one:

A. Fowler

B. supine

C. recovery

D. prone

Fowler

A patient with a pneumothorax has unilateral chest expansion. This means that:

Select one:

A. both sides of his chest are moving minimally.

B. his chest and his abdomen are moving in opposite directions.

C. only one side of his chest rises when he inhales.

D. both of his lungs are expanding when he inhales.

only one side of his chest rises when he inhales

A patient who is pregnant receives a diagnosis of hyperemesis gravidarum. This indicates that:

Select one:

A. her respiratory rate is rapid.

B. she has frequent urination.

C. her unborn baby is very large.

D. she has excessive vomiting.

she has excessive vomiting.

A young male jumps from a tree and lands on his feet. Which part of his body has sustained the primary injury?

Select one:

A. Plantar

B. Ventral

C. Dorsal

D. Palmar

Plantar

Following the application of a tourniquet, the bleeding from a patient's leg wound stops. This process is known as:

Select one:

A. hemolysis.

B. hematemesis.

C. hemiplegia.

D. hemostasis.

hemostasis

A 40-year-old intoxicated male is discovered lying face down. How should his body position be documented?

Select one:

A. Prone

B. Dorsal

C. Supine

D. Recumbent

prone

Enlargement of the liver is called:

Select one:

A. hepatomegaly

B. hydrocephalus

C. pneumonitis

D. nephritis

hepatomegaly

In relation to the chest, the back is:

Select one:

A. inferior

B. anterior

C. posterior

D. ventral

posterior

In relation to the wrist, the elbow is:

Select one:

A. proximal

B. distal

C. medial

D. lateral

proximal

Movement or motion away from the body's midline is called:

Select one:

A. adduction

B. abduction

C. extension

D. flexion

abduction

The ______ of the heart is the inferior portion of the ventricles.

Select one:

A. dorsum

B. septum

C. apex

D. base

apex

The term "pericardiocentesis" means:

Select one:

A. a surgical opening made in the heart.

B. the removal of fluid from around the heart.

C. surgical repair of the sac around the heart.

D. narrowing of the arteries supplying the heart.

the removal of fluid around the heart

The term "supraventricular tachycardia" means:

Select one:

A. a slow heart rate that originates from above the ventricles.

B. a slow heart rate that originates from within the ventricles.

C. a rapid heart rate that originates from above the ventricles.

D. a rapid heart rate that originates from within the ventricles.

a rapid heart rate that originates from above the ventricles

The topographic term used to describe the location of body parts that are closer toward the midline of the body is:

Select one:

A. midclavicular

B. lateral

C. midaxillary

D. medial

medial

The topographic term used to describe the parts of the body that are nearer to the feet is:

Select one:

A. inferior.

B. superior.

C. dorsal.

D. internal.

inferior

Which of the following anatomic terms is synonymous with the word "dorsal"?

Select one:

A. Posterior

B. Anterior

C. Palmar

D. Medial

posterior

All critical life functions are coordinated in which part of the brain?

Brainstem

As the bronchus divides into smaller bronchioles, the terminal ends of these smaller passages form the?

alveoli

Dead space is the portion of the respiratory system that?

contains no alveoli and does not participate in gas exchange.

Key hormones of the sympathetic nervous system include?

epinephrine and norepinephrine.

Oxygen and carbon dioxide pass across the alveolar membrane in the lungs through a process called?

diffusion

Skeletal muscle is also called?

voluntary muscle.

The axial skeleton is composed of the?

skull, face, thorax, and vertebral column.

The carpal bones form the?

wrist.

The central nervous system is composed of the?

brain and spinal cord.

The elbow is an example of a joint.

hinge

The electrical impulse of the heart normally begins at the

sinoatrial node.

The exchange of oxygen and nutrients for waste products of metabolism occurs at the cellular level in the.

capillaries.

The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through the.

pulmonary veins.

The most distal four spinal vertebrae, which are fused together, form the.

coccyx.

The muscle tissue of the heart is called the.

myocardium.

The nose, chin, umbilicus (navel), and spine are examples of anatomic structures.

midline.

Which of the following glands regulates the function of all other endocrine glands in the body?

Pituitary.

Which of the following is not a facial bone?

Mastoid.

Which of the following organs or structures lies within the retroperitoneal space?

Kidneys

White blood cells, which are also called leukocytes, function by

protecting the body from infection.

What are age-related changes in the renal system?

A decreased ability to clear wastes from the body and a decreased ability to conserve fluids when needed.

Why can an infant or small child's airway become occluded?

The occiput is proportionately large and the trachea is flexible.

At what age does separation anxiety typically peak in infants and small children?

10 to 18 months.

Why is breathing often more difficult in older adults?

The elasticity of the lungs decreases.

What factors contribute to a decline in the vital capacity of an elderly patient, except?

Increased surface area available for air exchange.

What occurs in anxious-avoidant attachment in contrast to secure attachment?

Shows little emotional response to a parent or caregiver following repeated rejection.

What do children do in preconventional reasoning?

Act almost purely to avoid punishment and to get what they want.

What is the average pulse rate of persons between 19 and 40 years of age?

70 beats/min.

What age range should the human body be functioning at its optimal level?

19 and 25 years.

What is the pulse rate of a child from ages 6 to 12 years?

70 to 120 beats/min.

What are noticeable characteristics of a 9-month-old infant?

Places objects in the mouth, pulls himself or herself up.

What is an anatomic difference between children and adults?

An infant's tongue is proportionately larger than an adult's tongue.

What is not a common factor that would affect a 75-year-old patient's vital signs?

Increased weight.

Which statement regarding age-related changes in the nervous system is correct?

Interconnections between brain cells often prevent a loss of knowledge or skill, despite a loss of neurons.

Which statement regarding an infant's vital signs is correct?

An infant's normal body temperature is typically higher than a preschooler's normal body temperature.

Which statement regarding middle adults is correct?

Cardiovascular health becomes an issue in this age group, as does the greater incidence of cancer.

Which statement regarding psychosocial development in the adolescent age group is correct?

Antisocial behavior and peer pressure peak around 14 to 16 years of age.

Which of the following statements regarding toddlers and preschoolers is correct?

Toddlers and preschoolers commonly experience upper respiratory infections because of the loss of passive immunity.

You are assessing a 13-month-old female who is running a fever and has been vomiting. While you are performing your physical examination on this child, you will most likely find that she:

Responds to her name but is fearful of your presence.

A 29-year-old male with a head injury opens his eyes when you speak to him, is confused as to the time and date, and is able to move all of his extremities on command. His Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score is

13

A blood pressure cuff that is too small for a patient's arm will give a:

falsely high systolic and diastolic reading.

A patient's short-term memory is MOST likely intact if they correctly answer questions regarding

day and event.

A properly sized blood pressure cuff should cover:

two thirds the length from the armpit to the crease at the elbow.

After performing a primary assessment, a rapid exam of the body should be performed to:

identify less-obvious injuries that require immediate treatment.

As you assess the head of a patient with a suspected spinal injury, your partner should:

maintain stabilization of the head.

Capnography is used to:

determine how much carbon dioxide is being exhaled.

Cyanosis the skin is caused by:

decreased blood oxygen.

In responsive patients who are older than 1 year of age, you should palpate the pulse at the:

radial artery.

In the adult, bradycardia is defined as a pulse rate less than ___ beats/min, and tachycardia is defined as a heart rate greater than ___ beats/min.

60, 100

The goal of oxygenation for most patients is an oxygen saturation of ___%.

94% to 99%

The goal of the systematic head-to-toe exam that is performed during the secondary assessment is to:

locate injuries not found in the primary assessment.

The systematic head-to-toe assessment should be performed on:

patients with a significant MOI and unresponsive medical patients.

Treatment and transport priorities at the scene of a mass-casualty incident should be determined after:

all the patients have been triaged.

When performing a reassessment of your patient, you should first:

repeat the primary assessment.

When you use the palpation method to obtain a blood pressure, the measurement you obtain is the:

systolic blood pressure.

Which of the following findings indicates that your patient has a patent airway?

Ability to speak

Which of the following is an example of a symptom?

Headache

Which of the following medical history questions would be of LEAST pertinence in an acute situation?

Does your mother have diabetes?

Which of the following would the EMT likely NOT perform on a responsive patient with a headache and no apparent life-threatening conditions?

Systematic head-to-toe examination secondary

What influences the hypoxic drive?

Low blood oxygen levels.

What is the presence of elevated carbon dioxide levels in the blood called?

Hypercarbia.

What is the pressure of gas in a full cylinder of oxygen approximately?

2,000 pounds per square inch (psi).

What is the MOST common cause of airway obstruction in an unconscious patient?

The tongue.

Which factor causes a reduction in minute volume in an adult?

Shallow breathing.

What is a late sign of hypoxia?

Cyanosis.

Which organ can survive the longest without oxygen?

Muscle.

Which oxygen flowmeter is NOT affected by gravity?

Bourdon-gauge flowmeter.

Which patient is breathing adequately?

A conscious male with respirations of 19 breaths/min and pink skin.

What should a patient suspected of being hypoxic and breathing adequately be given?

Supplemental oxygen with a nonrebreathing mask.

When should an oxygen cylinder be taken out of service and refilled?

When the pressure inside it is less than 500 psi.

At a flow rate of 6 L/min, what is the approximate oxygen concentration delivered by a nasal cannula?

44%.

What facilitates gas exchange in the lungs?

Adequate amounts of surfactant.

What is high-flow oxygen with a nasal cannula during the preoxygenation phase of endotracheal intubation called?

Apneic oxygenation.

What are irregular respirations characterized by an increasing rate and depth of breathing followed by periods of apnea called?

Cheyne-Stokes respirations.

What is oxygen toxicity?

A condition in which cellular tissue damage occurs from excessive oxygen levels in the blood.

Which structure is NOT part of the lower airway?

The epiglottis.

Which nerve innervates the diaphragm allowing it to contract?

Phrenic nerve.

Which if the following structures is NOT found in the upper airway

Bronchus

With a good mask-to-face seal and an oxygen flow rate of 15L/min, the non-rebreathing mask is capable of delivering up to __% inspired oxygen

90

A medication with antagonistic properities

blocks receptor sites and prevents other chemicals from attaching to them