HOSA Sports med anatomy

Phalanges 1-5

The bones of the fingers and toes, with each finger having three phalanges (proximal, middle, distal), while the thumb and big toe have two (proximal and distal).

Metatarsals

The long bones in the foot, located between the tarsal bones and the phalanges, numbering five in total, which help form the arch of the foot.

Tarsals

The group of seven bones located in the ankle, which include the calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuboid, and the three cuneiforms, providing stability and flexibility to the foot.

Tibia

The larger of the two bones in the lower leg, located on the inner side, it supports weight and forms the knee joint with the femur and the ankle joint with the tarsals.

Fibula

The smaller of the two bones in the lower leg, located alongside the tibia, it helps stabilize the ankle and supports the muscles of the lower leg.

Femur

The longest bone in the human body, located in the thigh, it connects the hip joint to the knee joint and bears weight during activities such as walking and running.

Patella

A small bone located in front of the knee joint, commonly known as the kneecap, it protects the knee and improves the leverage of thigh muscles.

humerus

The long bone in the upper arm that runs from the shoulder to the elbow, it aids in the movement of the arm and supports various muscles.

Radius

The bone in the forearm located on the thumb side, it helps in the movement of the wrist and forearm.

Ulna

The long bone in the forearm located on the side opposite the thumb, it works alongside the radius to allow for the movement of the wrist and elbow.

Phalanges 1-5 hands

The bones in the fingers, with each hand having 14 phalanges, allowing for dexterity and movement of the digits.

Carpals

The eight small bones that make up the wrist, allowing for a range of motion and flexibility in the hand.

Metacarpals

The long bones in the hand that connect the wrist to the fingers, facilitating movement and support.

Clavicle

A long bone that connects the arm to the body, commonly known as the collarbone. It acts as a strut to support the shoulder and allows for a wide range of shoulder movement.

Scapula

A flat, triangular bone in the upper back that connects the humerus (arm bone) with the clavicle and plays a crucial role in shoulder stability and movement.

Cervical Spine 1-7

The seven vertebrae in the neck region that support the head and allow for its movement, playing a vital role in protecting the spinal cord.

Thoracic spine 1-12

The twelve vertebrae in the upper and mid-back region that provide support for the ribcage, protect the thoracic organs, and allow for the flexibility of the spine.

Lumbar Spine 1-5

The five vertebrae in the lower back that provide support for the upper body and maintain balance, allowing for a range of movements while bearing weight.

Parietal

bone located in the skull that forms the sides and roof of the cranium, playing a key role in protecting the brain.

Occipital

bone located at the back of the skull that forms the base of the cranium, protecting the brain and allowing for movement of the head.

Temporal

bone located on the sides of the skull that encases the temporal lobe of the brain and contains structures related to hearing and balance.

Zygomatic

bone that forms the prominence of the cheek and part of the eye socket, often referred to as the cheekbone.

Frontal

bone located at the front of the skull, forming the forehead and part of the eye sockets, contributing to the structure of the face.

Nasal

bones that form the bridge of the nose and support the structure of the nasal cavity.

Maxilla

Bones that form the upper jaw

Mandible

The lower jawbone which holds the teeth in place

Transverse Arch

One of the three arches of the foot, running across the midfoot at the level of the metatarsal bases and cuneiforms, which helps distribute weight and absorb shock. (back one of the third foot)

Metatarsal Arch

Front one near the ball of the foot

Longitudinal arches

Medial on thumb toe side, distal on pinky toe side

Anterior/Posterior tibiofibular

Calcaneofibular

Anterior/Posterior Talofibular

Medial Collateral

inside of knee

Lateral Collateral

outside of knee

Patellar Ligament/Tendon

right below the patella

Ulnar Collateral

Made up of the posterior, intermediate, and anterior bundle

Radial Collateral Ligament

on the radius

annular collateral ligament

on the beginning of the radius from the elbow

Anatomical Snuffbox

little triangle ahh shape

Thenar/Hypothenar Eminence

thenar is on palm, hypothenar near pinky

Sternoclavicular

where sternum +clavicle join up

Acromioclavicular

accromion and clavicle meet here!

Glenohumeral

shoulder ball and socket joint

Coracoclavicular

Coracoacromial

Adductor hallucis

Starts from middle, goes to thumb, and across the rest of the toes

Flexor digitorium (foot)

bottom of feet

extensor digitorium (foot)

top of feet

Extensor Hallucis Longus

starts from middle of fibula, ands at distal phalanx of big toe

Fibularis(Peroneus) Longus/Brevis

Achilles Tendon

Extensor digitorium longus

on the outside of leg

Flexor digitorium longus

goes from mid-tibia to bottom of the foot, to the 4 normal toes

Soleus

on the outside/back of both calves

Tibialis Anterior

in the middle

Gastrocnemius

starts from back of knee

Rectus Femoris

Starts from illum, runs down the middle into the knee

Vastus Lateralis

outside

Vastus Medialis Oblique

thumb side of the leg

Sartorius

all the way across, ending at the kneecap

Gracilis

on the insides of ur thighs

Biceps Femoris

back of leg, lateral side

Semitendinosus

middle hamstring

Semimembranosus

medial side of thigh (inside hamstring)

Popliteus

back of knee

Biceps/Triceps

biceps pop out when arm is contracted, triceps when arm is straightened

Brachioradialis

thumb side of forearm

Supinator

back of forearm, still thumb side

Pronator Teres

anterior (front side of armm)

Pronator Quadratus

front of armm

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

back of arm, pinky side

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

front of arm, pinky side

Flexor Carpi Radialis

front of arm, thumb side

Extensor Carpi radialis

back of arm, thumb side

Flexor digiti Minimi

front of hand

Extensor digiti Minimi

back, starting from arm

Abductor Policis longus

kind of in the middle of radius and ulna

Flexor Pollicis

runs down onto the thumb

Extensor Pollicis

back side

Infraspinatus

back

Teres Minor

Above the major

Teres Major

below the minor

Deltoid

Rhomboids Major/Minor

Minor above major

Levator Scapula

Trapezius

Serratus Anterior

Latissimus Dorsi