chapter 2 music history
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33 Terms
pontifex maximus
the chief high priest and most important position in the old pagan roman religion
what was the Edict of Milan? Who issued it?
a doctrine issued by emperor Constantine I that granted religious freedom to Christians
What was the council of nicea?
a council that decided formal beliefs of the church, became the Nicene Creed
what is the Oxyryhnchnus hymn?
the oldest christian hymn with both lyrics and musical notation
Who was St. Augustine of Hippo?
he was one of the fathers who decided it was okay to have music in services, written in his book Confessions.
Who was St. Ambrose of Milan?
he was one of the fathers who deemed it was okay to have music in services
What was Te Deum laudamus?
an old hymn, also sometimes referred to as the “Ambrosian Hymn” although he did not write it
what is the source of psalms?
the book of Psalms
what is the source of canticles?
other books of the Bible, all scripture
what is the source of hymns?
non-scriptural text
describe a direct chant.
either a solo or a group singing one meoldy
describe a responsorial chant.
a call and response between a leader and a group
describe an antiphonal chant.
two groups alternating singing.
what are the western church chant varieties?
old Roman, Ambrosian, Celtic, Gallic, and Mozarabic
what region was Old Roman Chant in?
Roman
What region was Ambrosian chant in?
Milan
What region is Gallican chant in?
France and the Netherlands
What region is Mozarabic chant in?
the Iberian peninsula
did the early church forbid the use of instruments? is there any evidence of yes or no?
the early church had no official ban on instruments, but there was no evidence that they were or were not used in services
when was the ban of instruments first mentioned? was it universally excepted?
364 AD; it was not universally accepted as there was documentation of instruments being used in some churches afer that
Byzantium
where the eastern church was centered, used greek and not latin
what was echos (pl echoi)
Roman modes in music, there were 8 total