Chapter 17 MUB (Socialist movement)

Roots of the socialist movement, evolution under Karl Marx

What new social classes emerged due to economic changes in the nineteenth century?

New urban classes of professionals and blue-collar factory workers.

Who were two key figures in the development of socialism?

Utopian socialists Charles Fourier and Robert Owen.

What did socialists oppose in their ideologies?

The competition of the market system.

What did socialists use as inspiration for larger social units?

Small model cities

What did Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels identify as the two major classes?

Capitalists and Proletariat.

Two major classes

Capitalists, who control means of production (exploitive nature), and Proletariats, wageworkers who sell labor.

What did Marx describe as the 'opiate of the masses'?

Religion.

What was the central argument of 'The Communist Manifesto'?

For an overthrow of capitalists in favor of a dictatorship of the proletariat.

What social issues did socialism address in the 19th century?

Medical insurance, unemployment compensation, and retirement benefits.

What were trade unions formed for?

Collective bargaining, using strikes to address workers' concerns.

What effect did industrialization have on economic development globally?

Uneven economic development.

• Uneven economic development