EMT deck #8

Asthma

• wheezing during inspiration/expiration

• bronchospasm

Anaphylaxis

• flushed skin

• generalized edema

• hypotension

• wheezing

Bronchitis

Inflammation of the bronchial tubes that carry air to your lungs

Bronchitis Symptoms

• Chronic Cough

• wheezing

• cyanosis

• tachypnea

Croup

• fever

• barking cough

• stridor

Congestive Heart Failure Definition

a progressive, chronic syndrome where the heart can’t pump enough blood for the body’s need, causing blood to back up into the lungs, liver, legs

Congestive Heart Failure Symptoms

• lower extremity edema

• crackles

• orthopnea

• shortness of breath

Emphysema

• barrel chest

• dyspnea

• cyanosis

• wheezing

Pneumonia

• dyspnea

• chills, fever

• cough

• green, red, or rust colored sputum

• wheezing or crackles

What is COPD?

A progressive lung condition that makes it hard to breathe

includes AMS and breathing lying down is hard.

What two things are associated with COPD

emphysema and bronchitis

Emphysema definition

destruction of the delicate walls of the alveoli (air sacs), which causes them to lose their elasticity and merge into larger, less efficient pockets

Chronic Bronchitis

Irritation of the major lung passageways from long-term exposure to infectious disease or irritants such as smoke

COPD SS overlay with what?

Congestive Heart Failure

pleural effusion

collection of fluid outside the lung on one or both sides of the chest

embolus

anything in the circulatory system that moves from its point of origin to a distant site and lodges there, OBSTRUCTING subsequent blood flow

pulmonary embolism

a blood clot being formed in the vein, (usually in the leg) that breaks and circulates through the venous system.

What conditions makes Rhonchi sounds

• COPD

• Pneumonia

• Bronchitis

What conditions cause Crackles?

• croup

• epiglottis

Where are electrical Impulses located in the heart?

sinoatrial node (SA Node)

What does the SA Node do?

Initiates the heartbeat and stimulates the atria to contract

What does the AV Node do?

an electrical gateway and delays the signal briefly, ensuring the atria fully empty before the ventricles pump.

Purkinje Fibers

Deliver the electrical impulse directly to the ventricular muscle walls, causing them to contract in unison to send blood to the body

How does the electrical impulse progress?

SA node → AV node → Purkinje Fibers

What artery supplies blood to the heart?

coronary artery

Ischemia Definition

A lack of oxygen that deprives tissues of necessary nutrients, resulting of blood blockage

Cardiac Ischemia Definition

Decreased blood flow to the myocardium, causing a portion to be deprived of oxygen and nutrients

Atherosclerosis

Disorder, in which calcium and cholesterol build up and form plaque inside the walls of the blood vessels, obstructing the flow and ability to dilate or contract

lumen

The diameter of the artery narrows with coronary artery diseases

Thromboembolism

A blood clot that is floating through the blood Vessels and gets caught in an area that’s too narrow, causing a blockage

Acute Myocardial Infarction

A heart Attack, death of heart muscle following obstruction of blood flow to it

Angina Pectoris

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