A&P 2 - Exam 1 Extra Credit Questions

Anterior Pituitary Tumor

In what gland can a tumor form, causing hypersecretion of Growth Hormone, and in children results in gigantism?

Diabetes Insipidus

ADH deficiency due to damage to hypothalamus or posterior pituitary; causes excess urination and thirst.

SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH)

ADH deficiency due to insufficient secretion of ADH; results in retention of fluid, headache, disorientation; treatment causes fluid restriction; blood sodium level monitoring.

Hypersecretion of GH

Usually caused by anterior pituitary tumor; results in gigantism in children; heights up to 8 feet; acromegaly in adults; overgrowth of hands, feet, and face.

Hyposecretion of GH

In children results in pituitary dwarfism; may reach height of only 4 feet; in adults usually causes no problems.

Hyposecretion of TH

In adults can lead to myxedmia; if due to lack of iodine, a goiter may develop; more and more unusable thyroglobulin is produced, and thyroid enlarges.

Grave’s Disease

Most common disease caused by hypersecretion of TH; Autoimmune disease: body makes abnormal antibodies directed against thyroid follicular cells; antibodies mimic TSH, stimulating TH release; treatments include surgical removal of thyroid or radioactive iodine to destroy active thyroid cells.

Glycosuria

When excess glucose is spilled into urine.

Diabetes Mellitus

Can be due to hyposecretion of insulin (type 1) or hypoactivity of insulin (type 2) and can cause blood glucose levels to remain high