Sonography Physics I- Test 1

Chapter 2 & 3

If sound waves of 3MHz, 5MHz, and 10MHz are transmitted through the same section of liver, reflections from which frequency would reach the transducer first?

3MHz

5MHz

10MHz

Reflections from all three frequencies would have identical transit times

Reflections from all three frequencies would have identical transit times

During performance of an obstetrical ultrasound exam, you decide to adjust the system parameters to improve the image. Which of the following parameters is NOT adjustable by operator control on the ultrasound system?

Amplitude

Propagation speed

Power

Intensity

Propagation speed

Increasing the frequency on a multifrequency transducer from 3.5MHz to 5MHz will:

Increase the sound propagation speed

Increase the pulse length

Increase penetration

Decrease the wavelength

Decrease the wavelength

Which of the following describes sound propagation through a vacuum?

Sound travels as transverse waves through a vacuum

When sound travels through a vacuum, the propagation speed increases to 3,300,000 m/s

Sound cannot travel through a vacuum

Sound travels at the speed of light when coursing through a vacuum

Sound cannot travel through a vacuum

Your patient asks you how much longer the ultrasound test will take, his voice is in the audible frequency range. Which of the following frequencies is in the audible frequency range?

100MHz

10kHz

10Hz

10,000MHz

10kHz

Which of the following describes an ultrasound wave in human tissue?

Mechanical longitudinal wave

Transverse rarefactional wave

Electromagnetic wave

Electronic piezoelectric wave

Mechanical longitudinal wave

Which of the following are considered acoustic parameters?

Density

Distance

Frequency

Pressure

Frequency

Which of the following properties would result in increased propagation speed of a medium?

Increased stiffness

Increased density

Increased frequency

Increased amplitude

Increased stiffness

Which statement about the two pulse trains displayed are true?

A has a higher frequency that B

B has a shorter period than A

A has a shorter wavelength than B

A has better axial resolution than B

B has a shorter period than A

The speed of sound is defined as the:

Speed of the vibrating particles in the medium

Inverse of the frequency

Speed of the electrical impulse applied to the piezoelectric element

Speed at which the sound wave propagates through the medium

Speed at which the sound wave propagates through the medium

The relative measurement of intensity based on a logarithmic scale is expressed in:

Newtons per centimeter squared

Watts per centimeter squared

Decibels

Pascals

Watts per centimeter squared

Which of the following characteristics will create the fastest speed of sound

High density, high stiffness

Low density, high stiffness

High density, low stiffness

Low density, low stiffness

Low density, high stiffness

Rate of Intensity changes as sound propagates through the body depends on  

Sound wave only

Medium Only

Both the sound wave and the medium

None of the above

Both the sound wave and the medium

Wavelength depends on what two factors?

Frequency and amplitude

Amplitude and propagation speed

frequency and pressure

Frequency and medium

Frequency and medium

Wavelengths utilize multiple descriptive terms to identify the anatomy of a wavelength. When identifying the anatomy of a wavelength, what is the unit of a period?

Millimeters

Hertz

Time

Watts/cm

Time

Frequency of the sound waves

Is the number of cycles that occur in one minute

Determined by the sound source initially   

Adjustable

Frequency affects penetration and image quality

Frequency affects penetration and image quality

The rate of energy transfer or the rate at which work is performed is measured in watts. Which of the following is measured in units of watts?

Intensity

Wavelength

Power

Propagation speed

Power

Period is inversely proportional to:

Velocity

Watts

Hertz

Frequency

Frequency

The algebraic summation of waves resulting in the formation of a single wave of greater amplitude than either of its components is called:

Scattering

Constructive interference

Absorption

Diffusion

Constructive interference

Which of the following best describes the line identified by the letter A?

Amplitude 

Period

Frequency

Peak to peak amplitude

Peak to peak amplitude

Which of the following best describes the line identified by the letter C?

Amplitude

Peak to peak amplitude

Frequency

Wavelength

Amplitude

Which of the following lines is most likely to be determined by medium only?

A

D

C

None of the lines

None of the lines

Which of the following are inversely related?

Amplitude and power

Frequency and intensity

Acoustic velocity and density

Power and intensity

Acoustic velocity and density

Which of the following are considered acoustic parameters?

Frequency 

Density

Pressure

Distance

Frequency 

Which of the following are considered unrelated

Power and intensity

Wavelength and frequency

Stiffness and speed of sound

Power and frequency

Power and frequency

What is the speed of sound in soft tissue?

1540 mm/sec

1540 Kilometer/sec

1540 cm/sec

1540 meter/sec

1540 meter/sec

Propagation speed increases as frequency?

Deceases

Increases

Remains the same

None of the answers are correct

None of the answers are correct

Which of the following characteristics will create the fastest speed of sound?

Low density, low stiffness

High density, low stiffness

Low density, high stiffness

High density, high stiffness

Low density, high stiffness

Which of the following is considered an acoustic variable?

Pressure

Frequency

Wavelength

Intensity 

Pressure

Variations in all of the following identify specific waves as acoustic waves except?

Parameters

Pressure

Density

Distance

Parameters

Which of the following is not considered an acoustic parameter?

Period

Frequency

Propagation speed

Pressure

Pressure

Which of the following are considered directly related?

Frequency and period

Wavelength and intensity

Intensity and speed of sound

Amplitude and intensity

Amplitude and intensity

What is the wavelength of 1 MHz sound in soft tissue

1.54 mm

0.77 mm

1.54 cm

3.08 mm

1.54 mm

Which of the following describes two items that are associated or affiliated however the relationship between the items does not have to be specified

Unrelated 

Related or proportional

Directly related or directly proportional

Inversely related or inversely proportional

Related or proportional

Which parameter is determined by both the source and the medium

Wavelength

Frequency

Intensity

Amplitude

Wavelength

The speed of sound is fastest in which of the following

Lung

Fat 

Liver

Bone

Bone

What is the unit of propagation speed

Millimeters 

Meters/second

Hertz

Watts/cm squared

Meters/second

Which of the following is determined by the medium only

Propagation speed

Wavelength

Frequency

Period

Propagation speed

Which of the following cannot be changed by the operator

Period

Intensity

Power

Amplitude

Period

All of the following are characteristics of sound waves except

Is a mechanical wave

Cannot travel through vacuum

Sound waves are transverse waves

Sound waves travel in straight line

Sound waves are transverse waves