CP - Cell Structures

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16 Terms

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nuclear envelope

double membrane perforated with pores that control the flow of materials in and out of the nucleus

<p>double membrane perforated with pores that control the flow of materials in and out of the nucleus</p>
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nucleolus

found inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes

<p>found inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes</p>
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ribosome

cytoplasmic organelles at which proteins are synthesized

<p>cytoplasmic organelles at which proteins are synthesized</p>
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rough endoplasmic reticulum

an endomembrane system covered with ribosomes where many proteins for transport are assembled

<p>an endomembrane system covered with ribosomes where many proteins for transport are assembled</p>
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smooth endoplasmic reticulum

an endomembrane system where lipids are synthesized, calcium levels are regulated, and toxic substances are broken down

<p>an endomembrane system where lipids are synthesized, calcium levels are regulated, and toxic substances are broken down</p>
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Golgi apparatus

a complex of vesicles and folded membranes within the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells, involved in secretion and intracellular transport

<p>a complex of vesicles and folded membranes within the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells, involved in secretion and intracellular transport</p>
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large central vacuole

found in plants, this organelle stores water for the cell

<p>found in plants, this organelle stores water for the cell</p>
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vesicle

small membrane-bound sac that functions in moving products into, out of, and within a cell

<p>small membrane-bound sac that functions in moving products into, out of, and within a cell</p>
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lysosome

cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell

<p>cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell</p>
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cytoskeleton

a network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape, and aids in movement

<p>a network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape, and aids in movement</p>
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chlorophyll

a green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria

<p>a green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria</p>
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mitochondria

an organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur

<p>an organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur</p>
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phospholipid bilayer

a two-layered arrangement of phosphate and lipid molecules that form a cell membrane, the hydrophobic lipid ends facing inward and the hydrophilic phosphate ends facing outward

<p>a two-layered arrangement of phosphate and lipid molecules that form a cell membrane, the hydrophobic lipid ends facing inward and the hydrophilic phosphate ends facing outward</p>
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hydrophilic

having an attraction to water

<p>having an attraction to water</p>
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hydrophobic

having an aversion to water

<p>having an aversion to water</p>
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selectively permeable

property of biological membranes that allows some substances to pass across it while others cannot; also called semipermeable membrane