Ch 04 acids, bases and salts reduced

What are the tastes of sour substances like curd and vinegar?

Sour

What does the Latin word 'acere' mean?

Sour

What taste do bases generally have?

Bitter

What is an indicator?

A substance that changes color to indicate whether a solution is acidic or basic.

What color does litmus paper turn in acidic solutions?

Red

Where is litmus extracted from?

Lichens

What color does litmus paper turn in basic solutions?

Blue

What natural indicator turns yellow in basic solutions?

Turmeric

What type of acid is found in vinegar?

Acetic acid

Give an example of a fruit that contains citric acid.

Oranges and lemons.

What base is commonly found in window cleaners?

Ammonium hydroxide

What is the effect of adding lime to acidic soil?

It neutralises the acidity.

What happens to the color of turmeric paper when it comes in contact with a base?

It turns red.

In neutralization, what are the products formed?

Salt and water.

What happens to a litmus paper in a neutral solution?

It does not change color.

What does phenolphthalein indicate when added to an acidic solution?

It remains colorless.

What type of acid is formic acid?

An acid that is found in ant's sting.

What are synthetic indicators?

Indicators that are chemically synthesized, such as phenolphthalein.

What does too much acid in the stomach cause?

Indigestion.

How can you neutralize the effect of excessive stomach acid?

By taking an antacid.

What happens to the color of China rose petals when added to acids?

They turn dark pink (magenta).

What are the three types of solutions based on pH?

Acidic, Basic, Neutral.

What is salt in the context of neutralization?

A product formed from the reaction between an acid and a base.

What color change does China rose solution exhibit in acidic conditions?

Dark pink (magenta).

What happens to baking soda when it is tested with red litmus paper?

It does not change the color.

Is distilled water acidic, basic, or neutral?

Neutral.

How can you detect the presence of an acid using litmus paper?

It turns blue litmus red.

What does a basic substance do to red litmus paper?

Turns it blue.

What is formed when baking soda reacts with an acid?

Salt and water.

Why should you not taste unknown substances in the lab?

They could be harmful.

Does turmeric indicate acidic or basic solutions?

It indicates both but turns red in basic conditions.

What type of acid is commonly used in households?

Dilute hydrochloric acid.

What color do acidic solutions turn litmus paper?

Red.

What substance neutralizes acid in the event of an ant sting?

Baking soda or calamine solution.

What is the visual cue to know that a solution is basic?

Red litmus turns blue.

What is the effect of acid rain?

It damages buildings, monuments, plants, and animals.

What happens during the process of neutralization?

The acidic and basic properties cancel each other out.

What is the taste of coffee?

Brown and bitter.

What practical experiment can identify if a liquid is acidic or basic?

Using litmus or turmeric as an indicator.

Is milk of magnesia an acid or a base?

A base.

What is a common property of acids regarding taste?

Sour taste.

What is the role of indicators in chemistry?

To help identify the acidity or basicity of a solution.

How does soil can become acidic?

Excessive use of chemical fertilizers.

What can neutralize the effect of acidic soil?

Bases like quick lime or slaked lime.

What is an example of an acid that is harmful to the environment when it pollutes water bodies?

Sulfuric acid.

What color does phenolphthalein turn in basic conditions?

Pink.

What does soap solution do to turmeric solution?

Turns it red.

What are the two main characteristics of acids?

Sour taste and that they turn blue litmus red.

What type of waste can affect aquatic life?

Factory wastes containing acids.

How do you prepare lime water?

Mixing lime (chuna) with water and letting it settle.

What is a salt in terms of acid-base chemistry?

A product formed from the neutralization of an acid and a base.

What is the effect of hydrochloric acid on litmus paper?

Turns blue litmus red.

What color indicates the presence of a base when using turmeric?

It remains yellow.

What is the chemical equation for neutralization?

Acid + Base → Salt + Water.

What common household product contains sodium hydroxide?

Soap.

What happens to the temperature during a neutralization reaction?

It increases due to the release of heat.

What type of solution has no effect on litmus paper?

Neutral solutions.

What substance can help with indigestion?

Milk of magnesia.

What does baking soda do when it comes into contact with formic acid?

Neutralizes the acid.

Why is it cautioned not to touch unknown substances in the lab?

They can be harmful to the skin.

What happens to litmus paper when vinegar is applied?

It turns blue litmus red.

What is the result of mixing baking soda with vinegar?

Produces carbon dioxide gas.

What color does baking soda solution turn turmeric paper?

Red.

What factor can cause soil to become too basic?

Excessive use of lime.

What can be a source of ascorbic acid?

Amla and citrus fruits.

How does a neutralization reaction feel to the touch immediately after it occurs?

It feels warm.

What indicator is made from beetroot?

Beetroot juice.

What is the visual change with China rose in basic solutions?

Turns green.

What happens to a solution when phenolphthalein is added to it and it remains clear?

It indicates that the solution is acidic.

What happens when you add sodium hydroxide to an acidic solution?

The solution's acidity is neutralized.

What color does neutral solution give turmeric paper?

Yellow.

What can neutralize acids in the stomach?

Antacids like milk of magnesia.

What happens to the litmus paper if the solution is neutral?

It does not change color.

What is found in soda drinks that gives them an acidic property?

Carbonic acid.

How are industrial acids harmful to the environment?

They can kill aquatic life if they enter water bodies.

What does sodium bicarbonate do to acidic solutions?

Neutralizes them.

What solution is used to test for acids or bases?

Litmus solution.

Why is it important to neutralize the chemicals in factory waste?

To prevent harm to the environment.

What can be indicated by a color change in an indicator?

The nature of the solution (acidic, basic, or neutral).

What happens during neutralization?

Acids and bases neutralize each other to form salt and water.

What is produced along with salt during a neutralization reaction?

Water.

What are the possible effects of acid rain?

Corrosion and damage to buildings and ecosystems.

What does a reaction between an acid and a base form?

Salt and water.

What effect does vinegar have on a baking soda reaction?

Produces carbon dioxide gas.

What color does turmeric turn in acidic solutions?

Stays yellow.

Do acids typically have a sweet or sour taste?

Sour taste.

What indicates that a solution is neutral when tested with litmus?

There is no color change.

What is the main active component in lemon juice?

Citric acid.

What type of acid is nitric acid in the environment?

Acid rain contributor.

What is one use of turmeric in acid-base chemistry?

As an indicator.

How can phenolphthalein be used in experiments?

To test for acidic or basic environments.

What might happen if acidic water flows into lakes?

It can kill fish and disrupt aquatic ecosystems.

What happens to a solution when an acid is added to a base?

Neutralization occurs, producing heat, salt, and water.

What are the products of the neutralization between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide?

Sodium chloride (table salt) and water.

What tasting indicators can be found in nature?

Vinegar and sour fruits.

What do you call the reaction between an acid and a base?

Neutralization.

What happens to turmeric when it interacts with soap?

It turns red.

What indicator changes color based on the pH of a solution?

Litmus.

Does milk of magnesia act as an acid or a base?

Base.

What can be done to identify acidic or basic drinks in a restaurant?

Use litmus paper or turmeric indicator.