Pro 4 Test 2

How many hydraulic systems do we have? Whats normal PSI?

3, 3000 PSI

Which systems are hydraulic?

Thrust reversers

Alieron + trim

Rudder + trim

Elevators

Spoilers

Land gear/ Nose steering

Wheel brakes

How many pumps is each system, how are the pumps powered? Which system requires most demand?

System 1 & 2: two

-Powered by Engine Drive Pump [EDP] (driven by accessory gearbox)

-Backup is AC motor pump [ACMP] (powered by generator on APU)

**System 3***: two

-Powered by AC Motor Pump [ACMP]

-Backup is AC Motor Pump

a) What type of hydraulic pumps have switches on the hydraulic panel?

b) Why are there only 4 switches?

a) Electric

b) Systems 1 and 2 primary pumps are engine-driven; only backups are electric

a) Which hydraulic systems is cooled/ have heat excangers??

b) How are they cooled?

a) SYstems 1 and 2

b) Ram air hole at bottom of vertical stab goes through heat exchangers and exhausts out

a) What does Hydraulic Shutoff Valve do?

b) Automatically (open/closed) as a part of the fire system

a) Used to bypass a malfunctioning Engine Driven Pump ½ [EDP]

b) closed

a) In the event of dual engine failure which pumps are offline?

B) What will happen/ where will we get hydraulic power from?

a) Engine-Driven Pump [EDP] 1 & 2, AC Motor Pump [ACMP] 1B/2B 3A

b) Air Driven Generator [ADG] will deploy and power 3B

If an AC Motor Pump [ACMP] is on auto, what has to happen in order for it to turn on?

flaps coming out of zero

a) What is a hydraulic accumulator?

b) which systems provide emergency braking?

a) Stores hydraulic fluid under pressure and satisfies changes in demand

2) Systems 2 & 3

Which system has the largest demand?

System 3

a) What percent of the Hydraulic resivor considered full?

b) if its in normal range the color will be ______ if its outside range _______

a) 45% to 85%

b) green, white

Pump Status

______ = normal

_______ = selected off

______ = output low

green

white

amber

a) How many fuel tanks do we have?

b) how many lbs of fuel in each tank and how much does jet A weigh?

a) 3

b) 6.8 lbs/gallon

Left: 7,493 lbs

Right: 7,493 lbs

Center: 4,610 lbs

a) What’s our preferred fueling option?

b) advantages and disadvantages for each

a) Singlepoint

b) Single point (pressure refuelling): high-level sensor to tell when the tank is full

Overwing (gravity refueling): overall just gets mogged

Features for each fuel tank design

1) Wet wing: the structure of the wing is the tank

+ Under-wing drain valve to remove water

+ NACA scoop vent gives static venting on ground & dynamic vent in air

+ Fuel quantity + temp probes

__________ valves open at ____ psi and are under wing fuel tanks

Spring-loaded pressure relief valves, >5psi

Order of Ops. for fueling

• No center fuel if _______

• Cannot take off with more than ____ lbs in the center tank unless

1) Wing tanks first

2) Center tank after the wings are full

• load is under 15,000 lbs

• 500lbs, wings are both at or above 4400 each

Fuel flows in the following path

Center (if applicable)

Wings

Collector

Engine/ APU

What system controls all fuel pumps and fuel valves?

a) where does it get info from?

b) what does it calculate

1) The Fuel System Computer [FSC] :

a) fuel system components and attitude from AHRS/ IRS

b) Fuel

• quantity

• weight

• density

• temp for right wing tank and each engine

a) WHat are collector tanks

b) why do we have them

c) How are they kept full

a) Two tanks in the forward section of the center tank

b) Kept full to supply fuel to the engine, left collector supplies API

c) Gravity feed manifold (as well as scavenge ejectors/pumps)

What is a center tank?

Tank that feeds fuel to wings to keep them between 93%—97%

How do we know the fuel remaining per tank?

Fuel Computer System [FSC]: dual channel system that gets signals from fuel system and attitude from AHRS

b) Calculates fuel

quantity, weight, density

temperature in right wing tank

temp in each engine.

a) What do ejectors do?

b) What happens to fuel pressure as its pushed into a smaller area

c) whats motive flow

a) Moves fuel and develops pressure using high-pressure return fuel

b) Reduced

c) High-pressure fuel passes through the venturi, creates suction pulling more fuel

List each ejector, what it does, and where the pressure comes from.

Transfer ejector: moves fuel from center to the wings

-pressure comes form engine feed manifold (motive flow)

Scavenge ejector: move fuel from wing to collector

-pressure comes form engine feed manifold (motive flow)

Main ejectors: move fuel from collector to tank

-pressure comes form engine feed manifold (motive flow)

List all our fuel pumps, how its powered,

Engine Boost Pumps: DC-powered; helps the engine start/ejector clog but CAN’T replace failed engine-driven pump (NO MOTIVE FLOW)

Engine-Driven Fuel Pump: Accessory gearbox; high-pressure flow exceeds engine requirements (motive flow)

APU PUMP: DC powered; feeds APU from left tank

Cross-Flow Pump: DC powered; flows left and right wing tanks

What valve can move fuel from one wing to another.

Gravity cross-flow valve

Why do we have heat exchangers?

b) Heat the fuel so it doesnt freeze & cool engine oil to prevent overheat

CRJ-700 uses ___(a)___ fuel in the USA.

+ Fuel normally stored in the _______(b)_______.

o ___(c)___ tank only used if wing tanks are full for long-range flights.

+ Fuel travels from ___(d)___ tank, to ___(d)___ tanks, to ___(d)____ tanks, to the ___(d)___.

+ Fuel system depends on ___(e)___ using _____(e)_____ from the _____(e)_____.

+ Can only cross-___(f)___ fuel (___(f)___ and ___(f)___ tanks)

+ Fully-automatic, unless___(g)___

a) Jet A

b) Left & Right wing tanks

c) Center

d) Center, wings, collector, engines, or APU

e) Motive flow, high-pressure return fuel, engine driven fuel pumps

f) FLOW, left & right

g) Pilot wants to manually intervene

Main purpose of the APU

Electricity and Pnumatics

Altitude and bleed air limitations for APU

Bleed air: at or below 25,000

Start: 0-37,000

Operate: up to 41,000

(a) What controls and monitors the APU and (b) do we have a constant speed drive on APU?

a) APU Electric Control Unit

b) NO, contantly runs at 12,000 RPM

Components of an APU

Compressor: single-stage centrifugal flow

Annular reverse-flow combustor: fuel/air mixture is ignited

Turbine: 2-stage axial flow

Accessory: attached via gearbox

-oil pump

-fuel pump

-speed sensor

-AC generator

-DC starter

What purpose of APU eductor

Draws air from the compartment using venturi effect for cooling

When woudl the APU auto shutdown in AIR OR GROUND

-Overspeed of 106%

-Loss of protection speed

-APU door doesn’t open in 30 seconds

-Closes without command

-Loss of DC power

-ECu failure

a) Which tank does the APU pump pull from?

b) What happens if it fails?

a) left

b) Backup accesory gearbox high-pressure pump.

What kind of oil system do we have?

b) how is it monitered?

Self contained

b) EICAS maintence diagnostic computer

If a fire is detected on the ground how does that affect APU?

APU shutoff valve auto-closes.

Where is the APU intake door?

Upper rear right side of fuselage above APU

How does APU shutdown?

We press stop button—> overspeed signal sent to APU Fuel Control Unit during the normal shutdown sequence.

1) APU is controlled by ______

a) which bus is that?

2) APU is started by ________

a) which bus is that?

1) ECU

1a) Battery bus

2) DC starter

2b) APU battery Direct Bus

How does the APU starter engage and disengage?

Engages with ECU and disconnects at 46% RPM

a) How long between APU starts

b) No more than ____ start attempts in ____ hour/s

a) two minutes

b) three starts in 1 hour

APU Start sequence

APU PWR/FUEL = push

APU START/ STOP = push

WHat does AVAIL mean?

when does it come on?

APU ready for loading (electrical and bleed)

99%RPM for 2 seconds

APU shutdown sequence

-APU START/STOP = push

106% overspeed message shuts down APU

-APU PWR/FUEL = push

Primary flight controls

Ailerons

Elevator

Rudder

Multi function spoilers

how are the flight controls moved and actuated?

Controlled by a linked system between left and right side —>control wheel Transmit mechanical signal to hydraulic Power Control Units

What contorl system is “Fly by wire”?

Ailerons

How many power control units does each aileron have

2

What happens when we disconnect Pitch or Roll controls

Captain: left aileron & elevator

F/O: right aileron & elevator

What does MFS mean?

Multifunction spoiler:

2 inboard deploy on the ground

2 outboards are multi-function

How does aileron trim work?

What needs to happen for it to work?

-Aileron trim repositions the aileron control surface as well as yolk;

-At least one hydraulic system must be pressurized.

What gives full sopiler control to one pilot?

This must be pushed in the event of a _____?

ROLL SEL switch light

Jam

How does elevator trim work?

WHere is the disconnect switch?

Electrical “fly-by-wire” with two channels & repositions the entire the horizontal stab.

-outboard top of both yolks

What is an SSCU?

b) what does it control

a) Spoiler Stabilizer Control System

b) 2 units automatically control

spoilers

horizontal stab

Pitch feel control

Rudder travel limit

a) How does rudder trim work? (anything special have to work for this to be active)

c) Does this airplane have a gust lock?

d) What limits the deflection of the rudder at high speeds?

a) Single rotary switch repositions the rudder, 1+ hydraulic system

c) no, trapped hydraulic fluid in PCU function as it

d) Rudder Travel Limiter

a) What does yaw damper do?

b)What is a dutch roll?

a) Two independent yaw dampers (YDP1/2) correct adverse yaw, dampen yaw, and prevent Dutch roll.

b) Unwanted yaw oscillation at high airspeeds ad altitudes.

a) Secondary flight controls

b) Which are elctric vs hydraulic

Electric:

slats/ flaps

Horizontal stab trim

(roll) Multifunction Spoilers

Hydraulic:

Multifunction spoilers (spoilers)

Aileron/rudder trim

Ground spoilers

a) What do slats and flaps do?

b) how are they controlled/ actuated

c)WHat controls these things

d.) biggest diff between the two

a) provide lift augmentation for T/O, initial climbout, APP/LND

b) electrically controlled and actuated

c) 2 slat/flap electric Control Units

d.) slats= lead edge, flaps=trail edge

Largest to smallest Slat panel on each wing

Inboard—> middle—> outboard

Slat positions

Stowed

Slats 20; Flaps 1, 8 &20

Slats 25; Flaps 30 & 45

Do slats or flaps extend first

Extention: slats extend before flaps

Retraction: slats retract last

slats are first put and last in

How many paris of flaps does each wing have?

b) Flap positions

a) 1: inboard and outboard panel

b) 0

1 slats only/20

8

20SE or hydraulic contol LND

30

45 LND

What restricts the flaps movements?

Two gates: Extend rearward past 20 (prevents flaps 30 OVSPD)

-Retract forward past 8 (prevents full retraction on go-around))

SLAT/Flap indicator shows on Engine Indicating Crew Alert System (EICAS)

Slats/Flaps now stowed

Landing gear not up and locked

Breake temp gauge in red

a) WHat do spoilers do

b) technique for spoilers

a) increase ROD

b) Thrust lever Idle; keep hand on spoiler lever until done using and stowed

a) FLT SPLR DEPLOY (white) means…

b.) FLT SPLR DEPLOY (amber) means…

a) Thrust level below climb + altitude > 300’ radio altimeter

b) thrust levels at/above climb @ any alt.; altitude < 300’ radio altim

Ground Lift dump

4 spoilers deployed (MFS inboard/outboard & inboard/outboard ground spoilers) on each wing kill lift

a)What kind of land gear system do we have?

b) How is it controlled vs. actuated

c) what powers it

a) retractable, tricycle gear

b) Electric control (computer make system function), hydraulically actuated (hydraulic does work)

a) How many tires does Nose Landing Gear (NLG) have?

b) it retrats forward/backward into fuselage?

c) How does the Nose gear stay up/down in flight?

d) what holld gear in place

a) 2

b) forward

c) Over center lock + lock actuator

d) torque link

Which gears have doors? How do the doors open?

Nose Land Gear (two forward + one after) Main Land Gear (outboard of each MLG cover struts) Mechanically connected to landing gear.

How do we steer on the ground during taxi?

Nosewheel Steering: Steering Electronic Control Unit (ECU) measures pilot input

b) What holds main gear up?

c) what lock it down?

b) Mechanical uplock

c) Over center mechanism, tension spring, down lock actuator

How do we put the gear up?

What hydraulic system is used for LDG gear

LDG Gear Lever; sends a signal to Proximity Sensing Electronic Unit (PSEU) that moniters WOW

system 3

a)Land Gear Warning Hord moniters what?

b) When can it be muted

a)

What happes if we need to extend landing gear i emergency method?

2) when would this be needed?

1) Manual landing gear release handle pulled

-dumps any hydraulic System 3 pressure

-releases mechanical uplock

-Main land gear falls

Nose gear fals and assisted by airflow.

2) Failure of hydraulic system #3

What kind of brakes do we have?

b) which wheel have brakes?

a) multi disc steel brakes

b) each wheel

Which hydraulic system gives brakes

Inboard wheel brakes = Hydraulic System 3

Outdooe wheel brakes = Hydraulic System 2

What controls brake pressure to the wheels?

Anti Skid System

How does ANti-Skid system work

Senses the rate of deceleration of the wheel, releases pressure, and keeps it rolling

Does parking break need hydraulic pressure =?

no

1) when would Ground Lift Dump (GLD) deploy

a) what if aircraft bounces

b)

1) Left/Right thrust level idle and 2/3…

• Left/Right mai land gear weight on wheels (4 seconds)

• Radar altitude < 10’ AGL (3 seconds)

• - Wheel spin-up > 16 kts

Color coded display for Brake Temp Moniter system

0-6= <220ºC

7-14=-7 220 to 492C

14= 493ºC

Detents for thrust reversers

Detet 1 = deploy

Detent 2 = idle reverse

Past Detent 2 = idle up to max reverse

How are they controlled vs. actuated?

b) how do they work/where does air come from

Electrically controlled & hydraulically actuated

b) Translating cowling assembly moves backwards, and Blocker doors Direct N1 bypass air out and forward of the engine (has to be on idle to work)