Bane of My Existence

Cells stay small because

surface area to volume ratio, diffusion, DNA

chromosome are made of

DNA

chromosomes contain

directions that a cell needs to survive

Chromoatin

long strands of DNA wrapped around protein

Centromere

holds chromosomes together

cell cycle is

the sequence of growth and division of a cell

G1 phase

cell grows

S phase

chromosomes synthesis, makes sister chromatids, DNA replication

G2 phase

grows more, preps for division

interphase

longest phase of the cell cycle: G1, S, G2

PMAT

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Prophase

first, longest phase of mitosis; nuclear memebrane breaks down, chromosomes condense

Metaphase

Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

Anaphase

chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell

Telophase

chromosomes condense, cleavage furrow forms

what occurs at the end of mitosis

cytokinesis

Mitosis creates....

multicellular organisms

cells divide to form

tissue, organs, organ system, organisms

Mitosis is what type of reproduction?

asexual

Meiosis is what type of reproduction?

sexual

eukaroytes do what

mitosis or meiosis

prokaryotes do what

binary fission

diploid cell

(2n) has two sets of chromosomes

haploid cell

(n) has one set of chromosomes

Humans has how many chromosomes

46

(2n)=46 so what does (n)=

23

zygotes undergo what

mitosis

sperm and eggs are

gametes

meiosis is

cell division that produces gametes with half the number of chromosomes as a body cell

homologous chromosome

2 of the same type of chromosome, have genes for the same traits, have variations

how manhy steps does meiosis have

8 (PMAT1 + PMAT2)

what happens in prophase 1

Crossing over occurs

what happens in metaphase 1

Tetrads line up at the equator of the cell

what happens in anaphase 1

tetrads split

what happens in telophase 1

cytokenisis

what happens in prohase and metaphase 2

centrioles move, sister chromatids line up in the middle of the cell

what happens in anaphas 2

sister chromatids seperate

what happens in telophase 2

ends with 4 new daughter cells

how many phases in mitosis

4 (PMAT)

mitosis produces what

somatic, diploid

meiosis makes

gametes, haploid