AP Psychology: Modules 11-14

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32 Terms

1

MEG

Brain imaging technique that measures magnetic fields from the brain's electrical activity.

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2

CT scan

Series of X-ray photographs combined by computer to create a composite representation of a brain slice's structure.

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3

PET scan

Visual display of brain activity using a radioactive form of glucose.

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4

MRI

Technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create computer-generated images of soft tissue.

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5

fMRI

Technique for revealing blood flow and brain activity by comparing successive MRI scans.

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6

Brainstem

the central core of the brain responsible for autonomic functions.

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7

Medulla

Base of the brainstem that controls heartbeat and breathing.

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8

Thalamus

Brain's sensory control center located at the top of the brainstem.

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9

Pons

Connects upper and lower parts of the brain, involved in facial expressions, sleeping, and dreaming.

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10

Reticular formation

Nerve network that controls arousal and ability to focus attention.

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11

Cerebellum

Processes sensory input, coordinates movement, and enables nonverbal learning and memory.

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12

Limbic system

Located below the cerebral hemispheres, associated with emotions and drives.

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13

Amygdala

Neural clusters linked to fear and emotions.

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14

Hypothalamus

Pea-sized structure that directs maintenance activities, governs the endocrine system, and serves as the reward center.

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15

Hippocampus

Neural center involved in memory processing.

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16

Cerebral cortex

Divided into eight lobes, responsible for higher brain functions.

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17

Frontal lobe

Involved in speaking, muscle movements, making plans and judgments, behavioral control, and personality.

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18

Parietal lobe

Receives sensory input for touch and body position, involved in perception and arithmetic.

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19

Occipital lobe

Receives visual information from the visual fields.

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20

Temporal lobe

Includes auditory areas and is involved in memory, understanding, and language.

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21

Association areas

Areas of the cerebral cortex involved in higher mental functions such as learning, remembering, and thinking.

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22

Motor cortex

Controls voluntary movements.

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23

Sensory cortex

Registers and processes touch and movement sensations.

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24

Neuroplasticity

Brain's ability to change and reorganize after damage or based on experience.

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25

Neurogenesis

Brain's ability to generate new neurons.

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26

Corpus callosum

Structure that attaches the two hemispheres of the cerebral cortex.

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27

Consciousness

Subjective awareness of ourselves and our environment.

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28

Dual processing

Information processing that occurs on separate conscious and unconscious tracks.

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29

Blindsight

Ability to respond to visual stimuli without conscious awareness.

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30

Parallel processing

Simultaneous processing of multiple aspects of a problem or learned concepts.

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31

Sequential processing

Processing one aspect of a problem at a time, best for solving new problems.

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32

Multitasking

Serial tasking that involves jumping from one task to another, inefficient for focused attention.

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