Malware Types and Concepts

Vocabulary flashcards covering key malware types discussed in the lecture notes.

Malware

Malicious software designed to infiltrate, damage, or control a computer or network without the user's knowledge or consent.

Virus

Malicious code that runs when a user executes a program or opens an infected file; infects the host and can reproduce to spread.

Worm

Self-replicating malware that propagates across networks without user action by exploiting vulnerabilities.

Trojan horse

Malicious code disguised as legitimate software; may perform a desirable function while covertly enabling malicious access (remote access Trojan).

Remote Access Trojan (RAC)

A Trojan that provides the attacker with remote control of a victim's system.

Ransomware

Malware that restricts access to a system or encrypts files until a ransom is paid; often enters via software vulnerabilities.

Spyware

Malicious software that collects information about a user without consent; may include adware and keyloggers.

Adware

A form of spyware that displays targeted advertisements based on collected data.

Keylogger

A component of spyware that records keystrokes and can exfiltrate them to attackers, sometimes with screenshots.

Rootkit

Malicious software designed to gain and maintain administrative/root access while hiding from detection.

Botnet

A network of compromised computers controlled by an attacker to coordinate large-scale malicious activities.