Atomic Structure and Subatomic Particles

Vocabulary flashcards covering atomic structure, fundamental subatomic particles, atomic notation, and isotope definitions based on the lecture.

Proton Relative Charge

The relative charge of a proton, which is one plus ($1+$).

Neutron Relative Charge

The relative charge of a neutron, which is zero ($0$).

Electron Relative Charge

The relative charge of an electron, which is one minus ($1-$).

Proton Relative Mass

The relative mass of a proton, equal to $1$.

Neutron Relative Mass

The relative mass of a neutron, equal to $1$.

Electron Relative Mass

The relative mass of an electron, which is $\frac{1}{1836}$ (also acceptable as $\frac{1}{2000}$ or negligible).

Orbitals

The locations outside the nucleus where electrons are found.

Isotopes

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons, giving them the same number of protons but different masses.

Mass Number (Nucleon Number)

Represented by the symbol $a$, it is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

Atomic Number (Proton Number)

Represented by the symbol $z$, it is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

Neutral Atom

An atom that contains the same number of protons ($1+$ charge) and electrons ($1-$ charge), resulting in no overall electrical charge.

Number of Neutrons Formula

The mathematical calculation to determine neutron count, defined as mass number minus atomic number ($a - z$).