Review of Religious Thinkers and the Decline of the Mughal Empire

Flashcards focusing on key religious thinkers and historical events related to the decline of the Mughal Empire and the emergence of nationalist movements in India.

Shah Wali Ullah

A prominent Islamic thinker (1703-1762) who emphasized the revival of pure Islamic practices and translated the Quran into Persian to make it accessible.

Tehreek-e-Mujahideen

The movement led by Syed Ahmed Shaheed Barelvi against the Sikh empire, aiming for Islamic revival and restoration of Muslims' rights.

Faraizi Movement

Founded by Haji Shariatullah, it aimed to restore Muslim pride and revive true Islamic practices while advocating for social justice.

Doctrine of Lapse

A policy implemented by Lord Dalhousie, allowing the British to annex Indian states if the ruler died without a male heir.

Jizya Tax

A tax imposed on non-Muslims; it was abolished by Akbar and reinstated by Aurangzeb, causing discontent among non-Muslims.

The Aligarh Movement

Initiated by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan to promote modern education among Muslims and improve British-Muslim relations.

Lucknow Pact

An agreement in 1916 between the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League to present a united front for self-rule.

Rowlatt Act

A 1919 law allowing arrest and detention without trial, leading to widespread unrest and the Amritsar Massacre.

Battle of Panipat (1761)

A significant battle where Shah Waliullah encouraged Muslim leaders to unite against the Marathas.

Amritsar Massacre

The 1919 incident where British troops killed hundreds of unarmed Indian civilians protesting against the Rowlatt Act.