Main Methods of Birth Control Currently in Use

A set of vocabulary flashcards reviewing surgical, hormonal, barrier, and other main methods of birth control currently in use based on Box 16-1.

vasectomy/tubal ligation

cutting and tying the tubes that carry the gametes

birth control pills

estrogen and progestin or progestin alone taken orally to prevent ovulation

birth control shot

injection of synthetic progesterone every 3 months to prevent ovulation

birth control patch

adhesive patch placed on body that administers estrogen and progestin through the skin; left on for 3 weeks and removed for a fourth week

birth control ring

flexible ring inserted into vagina that releases hormones internally; left in place for 3 weeks and removed for a fourth week

condom

sheath that prevents sperm cells from contacting an ovum; a male condom fits over an erect penis; a female condom fits into the vagina and covers the cervix

diaphragm (with spermicide)

rubber cap that fits over cervix and prevents sperm entrance

contraceptive sponge (with spermicide)

soft, disposable foam disk containing spermicide, which is moistened with water and inserted into vagina

intrauterine device (IUD)

metal or plastic device inserted into uterus through vagina; prevents fertilization and implantation by release of copper or birth control hormones

spermicide

chemicals used to kill sperm; best when used in combination with a barrier method

fertility awareness

abstinence during fertile part of cycle as determined by menstrual history, basal body temperature, or quality of cervical mucus