AQA Biology GCSE Topic 1: Cell Biology

Flashcards covering key concepts in Cell Biology from the AQA Biology GCSE syllabus.

Animal and plant cells are __.

Eukaryotic

Bacterial cells are __.

Prokaryotic

The __ contains DNA coding for a particular protein needed to build new cells.

Nucleus

__ are biological catalysts that speed up the rate of reaction inside cells.

Enzymes

Mitochondria is where __ occurs, providing energy for the cell.

Aerobic respiration

Ribosomes are the site where __ occurs.

Protein synthesis

Chloroplasts contain __ pigment, which harvests the light needed for photosynthesis.

Chlorophyll

A __ cell is specialised to carry the male’s DNA to the egg cell for successful reproduction.

Sperm

Nerve cells are specialised to transmit __ quickly from one place in the body to another.

Electrical signals

Muscle cells are specialised to contract quickly to move __.

Bones

Root hair cells are specialised to take up __ and mineral ions from the soil.

Water

Xylem cells are specialised to transport water and __ ions up the plant from the roots to the shoots.

Mineral

In osmosis, water moves from a __ solution to a more concentrated one through a partially permeable membrane.

Less concentrated

Active transport requires __ from respiration, which is why it is called active.

Energy

To calculate the size of an object, the formula is size of image/magnification = __.

Size of object

The __ lens produces a magnified image in a light microscope.

Objective

An electron microscope has a magnification of up to __.

x2,000,000

The cell cycle involves __ which is a stage when the cell divides.

Mitosis

Stem cells can differentiate into many types of __.

Cell

The __ is the tiny part of the cell where respiration occurs.

Mitochondria

The __ contains chromosomes which carry genes.

Nucleus

A cell that has a large surface area is more efficient in __ processes.

Diffusion