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Exp 2 study guide
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1
Intermolecular Forces (IMFs)
Forces of attraction or repulsion between molecules that influence properties such as boiling points.
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2
Relationship Between IMF Strength and Boiling Point
Higher IMF strength generally leads to higher boiling points due to stronger interactions between molecules.
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3
Distillation
A separation technique that involves heating a liquid to create vapor and then cooling the vapor back to liquid to separate components.
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4
Simple Distillation
A method to separate liquid components with significantly different boiling points, typically effective for purifying liquids.
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5
Fractional Distillation
A technique used to separate mixtures of liquids with closer boiling points, utilizing a fractionating column for better separation.
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6
Distillation Graph
A graphical representation showing boiling point, liquid or gas percentage, and mole fraction of components during distillation.
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7
Sand Bath
A component in distillation setups used to provide even heating to the flask.
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8
Thermometer Placement in Distillation Setup
The thermometer should be placed at the top of the distillation flask to accurately measure the boiling point of the vapor.
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9
Common Distillation Problem: Distilling to Dryness
A problem in distillation where all liquid is evaporated, potentially damaging the distillation apparatus.
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10
Effect of Temperature on Density
Density is affected by temperature because most substances expand when heated, resulting in lower density.
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