Chapter 15 (Part II): Sociocultural Influences on Development Flashcards

Flashcards about sociocultural influences on development, covering culture, individualism, collectivism, media, socioeconomic status, poverty, and ethnicity.

What is culture?

The behavior, patterns, beliefs, and all other products of a group of people that are passed on from generation to generation.

What is ethnocentrism?

The tendency to consider one's own group superior to others.

What does individualism involve?

Giving priority to personal goals rather than to group goals.

What does collectivism emphasize?

Values that serve the group, where personal goals are subordinated to preserve group integrity.

What are some negative outcomes associated with increased screen time?

Passive learning, homework distraction, stereotypes, violent models of aggression, unrealistic view of the world, child obesity, and adolescent obesity.

What are some positive effects of TV and media?

Motivational educational programs, increasing information outside of the world beyond the immediate environment, models of prosocial behavior.

What concerns are raised by violent video games?

Increased aggression, likelihood to engage in delinquent acts, and acceptance of rape myths.

What are some examples included in Digital mediated social environment of youth?

Email, Instant messaging, Social networking sites, Chat rooms, Videosharing and photosharing, Multiplayer online games, and Virtual worlds.

What is a special concern related to Media/Screen Time?

Sexting, or sending sexually explicit images, videos, or text messages.

What is associated with Internet use for older adults?

Greater ease in meeting new people, feeling less isolated, and feeling more connected with friends and family.

What are some factors that predict high status for the elderly?

Older persons have valuable knowledge and control key family/community resources, are permitted to engage in useful and valued functions, experience role continuity, and have greater responsibility.

What is Socioeconomic status (SES)?

A grouping of people with similar occupational, educational, and economic characteristics.

How do low-SES parents raise their children?

Concerned that children conform to society’s expectations, make it clear parents have authority over children, use physical punishment more, and are more directive and less conversational.

How do Higher-SES parents raise their children?

Concerned with children’s initiative and delay of gratification. Children are nearly equal participants. Physical punishment less likely. Less directive and more conversational with children.

What are some risks for children and adolescents from low-SES homes?

Low achievement, emotional problems, lower occupational attainment, unhealthy lifestyle choices, and poorer overall health.

What is the feminization of poverty?

Far more women than men live in poverty due to women’s low pay, infrequent awarding of alimony payments, and poorly enforced child support.

What is one influence of Families and Poverty?

Economically distressed parents feel less effective and capable of disciplining their children.

What are Ethnicity influences?

Ethnic minority adolescents fare better than expected and often assume higher levels of responsibility than their non-immigrant counterparts.

What are some stressors that immigrants often experience?

Language barriers, separation from support networks, changes in SES, health problems, and challenges of preserving their ethnic identity while adapting to the majority culture.

What 'double disadvantage' is faced by ethnic minority children?

Prejudice and discrimination along with the stressful effects of poverty.

What is a bicultural orientation?

Family members of recent immigrants adopt a bicultural orientation as they still retain aspects of their culture of origin.

What double jeopardy do older ethnic minority adults face?

Ageism and racism.