Human Resources and Organizational Behavior - Lecture Notes

Flashcards covering key concepts from the lecture notes on Human Resources, Organizational Behavior, and related topics.

What is Human Resource Management (HRM)?

Formal systems devised for the management of people in a structured and thorough manner within an organization, including planning, recruitment, training, compensation, etc.

What are the Managerial Functions of HRM?

Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing, Controlling

What are the Operative Functions of HRM?

Procurement, Development, Compensation, Maintenance and Motivation, Integration

What was the main focus of Welfare officers in the Evolution of HRM?

Ensuring workers' hygiene factors are met.

What is Strategic HRM?

Aligning HR processes with the business strategy, treating the workforce as an asset, and promoting a participative approach.

What is Organizational Behaviour?

The study of both group and individual performance and activity within an organization, examining human behavior in a work environment and its impact on job structure, performance, communication, motivation, leadership, etc.

What are the three key skills included in Emotional Intelligence?

Emotional awareness, harnessing emotions, and managing emotions.

What are the four scales of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)?

Extraverted (E) versus Introverted (I), Sensing (S) versus Intuitive (N), Thinking (T) versus Feeling (F), Judging (J) versus Perceiving (P)

What are the "OCEAN" traits in the Big Five Personality Model?

Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness

What does Attribution Theory deal with?

How the social perceiver uses information to arrive at causal explanations for events.

How are Theories of Motivation categorized?

Distinguishes between content and process motivation theories, focusing on 'what' versus 'how' motivation occurs.

What are the levels in Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?

Physiological, Safety, Belongingness, Esteem, Self-actualization

What are the key assumptions of Theory X and Theory Y?

Most people dislike work and must be coerced versus physical and mental effort are natural and people are self-directed.

What are the two factors in Herzberg's Motivation-Hygiene Theory?

Motivators (challenging work, recognition) and Hygiene factors (status, job security, salary).

What are the three needs focused on in McClelland’s Theory of Needs?

Need for Achievement, Need for Power, Need for Affiliation.

What are the three categories of needs in Alderfer’s ERG Theory?

Existence, Relatedness, Growth.

What are the five basic principles of Goal Setting Theory by Edwin Locke?

Clarity, Challenge, Commitment, Feedback.

What is the core concept of Skinner’s Reinforcement Theory?

Behavior is a function of its consequences, with positive consequences repeated and negative consequences avoided.

What is Employee Engagement?

A measure of efforts put up by employee which is measured by the organisation, usually annually.

What is the Employee Life Cycle (ELC)?

A model that visualizes and manages the journey of an employee within an organization.

What are the Six Stages of the Employee Life Cycle?

Attract, Hire, Onboard, Develop, Engage, Off-board

What is Employee Value Proposition (EVP)?

An organization's positioning of people-related practices, processes, and experiences in the eyes of potential and present employees.

What is the difference between Diversity and Inclusion?

Traits and characteristics that make people unique versus behaviors and social norms that ensure people feel welcome.

What is Recruitment?

Process to locate sources for human resources and attract them to the organization.

What is Selection?

Choosing the most suitable person out of all applicants.

What is Internal Recruitment?

Promoting employees from within an organization to fill upcoming positions.

What is External Recruitment?

Systematically searching the employee pool outside its own employees

What is Talent Management?

An organization's commitment to recruit, retain, and develop the most talented employees.

What is an Engaged employee?

An employee who is fully absorbed by and enthusiastic about their work and takes positive action to further the organization's interests.

What is a Disengaged Employee?

Employees who are checked out and putting time but not energy or passion into their work.

What is Attrition?

Depature of an employee retires or when the employer eliminates the position.

What is Knowledge, Skills& Abilities (KSA)?

Person must possess in order to perform the duties of his or her position.

What is Training?

A process to provide the trainees knowledge, skills & abilities specific to a particular task or job.

What is Development?

An ongoing systematic procedure in which managerial staff learns to enhance their conceptual, theoretical knowledge.

What are the four phases in training process pedagogy?

a) Analysis of training needs: This step is to identify the training needs b)Specification of learning objectives c)Designing training material and method d) Monitoring and evaluation

What is Job rotation?

Involves moving a trainee from department to broaden his or her experience and identify strong and weak points.

What is Action learning?

A training technique by which management trainees are allowed to work full time analyzing and solving problems in other departments.

What is The Case Study meant for?

Cases are prepared on the basis of actual business situations that happened in various organizations.

What is the Incident Method meant for?

It aims to develop the trainee in the areas of intellectual ability, practical judgment and social awareness.

What is The Role Playing meant for?

A problem situation is simulated by asking the participants to assume the role of particular person in the situation

What is Responsiveness in trainings?

Multi-platform-friendly online training content gives corporate learners the power to access online training resources on any device,.

What is Behaviorism?

New behaviors or changes in behaviors are acquired through associations between stimuli and response.

What is cognitivism?

Learning occurs through internal processing of information.

What is ADDIE Model?

Instructional design model consisting of five phases: (1) Analysis, (2) Design, (3) Development, (4) Implementation, and (5) Evaluation

What are the four levels of Kirkpatrick model of training evaluation?

Reaction, Learning, Behavior and Results

What are the three domains of learning in Bloom’s Taxonomy?

Cognitive, Affective and Psychomotor

What is Performance Management?

The mechanism that ensures that the employee achieves the objectives set by the organization

What is 360 Degree Feedback?

Provides each employee the opportunity to receive performance feedback from his or her supervisor and four to eight peers, reporting staff members,co- workers and customers.

What is Assessment Center Method?

Technique to test a candidate in different social situations using a number of assessor and procedures

What is Human Resource Accounting Method?

Human resources are a valuable asset for any organization, and it can be valued in monetary terms

What is Behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS)?

New technique which combines the graphic rating scale and critical incidents method

What is Appraisal through management by objectives (MBO)?

A mutual goal-setting exercise is most appropriate for technical, professional, supervisory, and executive personnel

What is Psychological Appraisals?

These appraisals are more directed to assess employee’s potential for future performance rather than the past one

What are HRP Techniques?

Regression analysis, Ratio trend analysis and Delphi technique

What are Total Rewards?

Includes everything the employee perceives to be of value resulting from the employment relationship

What is Compensation in rewards?

Includes Pay provided by an employer to its employees for services rendered(i.e., time, effort, skill)

What are Benefits in rewards?

Programs an employer uses to supplement the cash compensation employees receive. These health, income protection, savings and retirement programs provide security for employees and their families

What is work life balance in rewards?

A specific set of organizational practices, policies and programs, plus a Philosophy that actively supports efforts to help employees achieve success at both work and home

What are rewards & recognitions in rewards?

Acknowledgements or special attention given to employee efforts for positive performance

What are career enhancements in rewards?

The alignment of organizational, team and individual efforts toward the achievement of business goals and individual goals

What are the Aon Hewitt Total Reward Framework:

A-Financial or Experiential—financial elements have a clearly defined value or cost, while experiential elements are those the employee experiences through interaction with the company, leadership, management, colleagues, and customers ii.Personal or Company—some rewards are tailored to the individual e.g

What are the labor laws?

It is the relevance of the dignity of human labour and the need for protecting and safeguarding the interest of labour as human beings.

What is Industry?

Any business, trade, undertaking, manufacture, or calling of employers and includes any calling, service, employment, handicraft or industrial occupation or avocation of workmen

Who is workman?

Any person employed for manual, unskilled, skilled, technical, operational, clerical or supervisory work of hire or reward

What is Dominant Nature test?

Dominant nature of work and not the designation determines whether a person is a workman or not

What are Industrial Disputes?

Strike, Settlement, Retrenchment, Lockout and layoff

What is Indutrial Dispute act 1947?

A piece of legislation calculated to ensure social justice to both employers and employees and advance the progress of industry by bringing about harmony and cordial relationship between the parties

What are the objectives and Features of the FACTORIES ACT, 1948?

To protect health, safety and welfare of the workmen To regulate hours of work, weekly offs and annual leave To regulate the employment of women and young persons

What are main attributes of the Factories Act?

Comprehensive law Regarded as one of the Benevolent, Noble and a Comprehensive Labour Legislation which is in force in our country

What is the focus of the Maternity Benefit Act 1961?

Apply the provisions and give protection to women from their pregnancy to child birth

What are sexual harassment at work act 2013?

The Employer has done work like sexual harassment.

What is the definition of Employer Branding?

Creating a distinctively great place to work and then promoting it to the talent whose knowledge and skills are needed by the organization to meet its business goals and objectives

What is The Employer Value Proposition (EVP?

Defines the qualities you’d most like to be associated with, as an employer

What is the Role of HR in Employer Branding?

HR leads in articulating the company's unique employee value, ensuring it's genuine and consistently delivered to attract and keep talent

WHAT IS Human Resource planning(HRP)?

Forecasting an organization’s future demand for, and supply of, the right type of people, in the right number

What is SWP?

SWP is a continual process of identifying gaps in the workforce and developing a methodical people plan to ensure an organization has the employees, skills, and knowledge needed to meet current and future business goals

Which capabilities can the organizations maximize because of the industrial evolution 4.0?

The goal is to maximize their capabilities with smart talent and efficient technology

What is Blockchain, and in what ways can it be useful?

Decentralized and secure ledger which gives participating parties a way of validating the information related to a transaction

What is Change Management?

To apply a systematic approach for helping the individuals impacted by the “change