APAH Unit 25&26: 18th Century & Early 19th VOCAB

Casta painting

Latin America colonial painting detailing the existing mixed-race population - Spaniard and Indian Produce a Mestizo

Conversation piece

an artwork depicting a group of people that are having a conversation. - Philosopher Giving a Lecture at the Orrery

Creole

European born in the New World - Spaniard and Indian Produce a Mestizo

Escudo

a framed painting worn below the neck in a colonial Spanish painting - Portrait of Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz

Exemplum virtutis

a painting that tells a moral tale for the viewer - Oath of the Horatii

Fasces

a bundle of rods, originally from Ancient Rome; symbol of power and unity - George Washington

Fête galante

French for “gallant party,” type of Rococo painting depicting the outdoor amusements of upper-class society - The Swing

Grand Manner Portraiture

A type of 18^th century Portraiture designed to communicate a person’s grace and class, through certain standardized conventions - Self Portrait (Vigée Le Brun)

Huipl

traditional woman’s garment worn by indigenous women from Central America - Spaniard and Indian Produce a Mestizo

Intrigue Painting

secret planning of something illicit; a clandestine love affair - The Swing

Jeronymite

a religious order that bases their Christian lives after St. Jerome - Portrait of Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz

Mestizo

a person born of a Spanish father and an indigenous mother - Spaniard and Indian Produce a Mestizo

Orrery

a mechanical model of the heliocentric solar system - Philosopher Giving a Lecture at the Orrery

Salon

formal art exhibition organized by the French Académie - Oath of the Horatii

Satire

use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices - The Tête à Tête (from Marriage à la Mode)

Still Life

a work of art depicting mostly inanimate subject matter - Fruits and Insects

Allegory

a pictorial device intended to reveal a larger moral or political idea - Liberty Leading the People

Burnishing

A technique to make an etching by using a sharp tool to scratch the top of the metal plate.  - Y no hai remedio (And There’s Nothing to Be Done)

Daguerreotype

a type of early photograph developed by Louis Daguerre; shiny surface and no negatives - Still Life in Studio

Drypoint

an artist scratches directly into the surface of the plate with a stylus with pressure; the uneven lines when inked, yield a print with highly textured lines - Y no hai remedio (And There’s Nothing to Be Done)

Gothic Revival/Neo-Gothic

19th century – predominantly English – architectural movement to revive medieval Gothic architecture - Palace of Westminster

Hammerbeam roof

a decorative interior roof, with open, visible timber. Typical of Gothic architecture  - Palace of Westminster: Westminster Hall

Hudson River School

New York City-based landscape painters under the influence of Thomas Cole - The Oxbow

Manifest Destiny

19th-century American attitude which maintained that the United States not only could, but was destined to, stretch from coast to coast - The Oxbow

Odalisque

woman in a harem - La Grande Odalisque

Orientalism

interest in, depictions/imitation of Middle Eastern, South Asian, and East Asian cultures; particularly popular in 19th-century Europe as a result of Western colonialism - La Grande Odalisque

Pinnacle

Gothic architectural ornament; small tower that was placed at the corners of larger towers - Palace of Westminster

Sublime

inspiring great admiration, or awe in the extraordinary, powerful, and dramatic - Slave Ship