CVA & Stroke

What causes an Ischemic Stroke?

An Ischemic Stroke occurs when there is an occlusion of a blood vessel that impairs blood flow to the brain, blocking oxygen to brain cells, resulting in the death of brain tissue.

What is a Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)?

A TIA, or mini stroke, is a temporary blockage of an artery that causes symptoms to resolve within 24 hours.

What are the signs of a stroke based on the BEFAST acronym?

The signs include Loss of Balance, Eyes (vision problems), Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty, and Time to call emergency services.

What are the risk factors for stroke?

Non-modifiable risk factors include age, gender, ethnicity, and genetics. Modifiable risk factors include hypertension, smoking, obesity, diabetes, and cardiac conditions.

What is the function of the Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA)?

The MCA supplies blood to the internal and temporal lobes of the brain and is associated with control of motor functions on the opposite side of the body.

What is Wallenberg Syndrome?

Wallenberg Syndrome is a classic brainstem stroke resulting from vertebral or cerebellar artery occlusion, characterized by specific sensory and motor impairments.

What is a common visual deficit seen after stroke?

Homonymous Hemianopsia is when a person loses vision on one side of their visual field in both eyes.

What are common cognitive and psychosocial deficits after a stroke?

Common deficits include organization, attention, depression, frustration, irritability, and impulsivity.

What are the medical complications that can arise after a stroke?

Potential medical complications include seizures, swallowing difficulties, aspiration, infections, thromboembolism, and additional TIAs.

What is the role of the Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA)?

The ACA supplies blood to the frontal lobe and medial sections of the parietal lobe and is less commonly involved in strokes.